Purpose Education on infant safe sleep practices has been known to reduce the risk of sleep-related sudden unexpected infant death. Since sleep environments may vary across sociocultural contexts, infant safe sleep education needs to reflect specific sociocultural settings. This study aimed to develop an educational Protocol for Infant Safe Sleep (PISS) for primary caregivers in Korea that considers parenting behaviors and cultural characteristics.
Methods This study was conducted in three key methodological steps: (1) retrieval, defining, and systematic classification of PISS content; (2) the structural formulation of the content as an educational protocol; and (3) content validation. For the first step, a literature review was conducted, along with an analysis of educational materials from institution websites related to infant safe sleep and online parenting communities. Field observations were also conducted to identify relevant Korean culture characteristics. Based on these findings, the PISS was developed. Content validity index was assessed by six professionals, and the results were reflected into the educational program.
Results The PISS intervention provided an educational video and booklet and enhanced learning via phone counseling and educational kit, which comprised an illustrated safe sleep sticker and a calendar-style activity diary. The educational content consisted of (1) sleep location, (2) sleep position, (3) bedding, (4) clothes and temperature, and (5) other considerations.
Conclusion This study developed the PISS, an intangible educational intervention based on Korean sociocultural characteristics and specific guidelines for primary caregivers. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of this program in promoting safe sleep practices.
Purpose Safe sleep practices (SSP) are among the main strategies to reduce sleep-related sudden unexplained infant death (SUID). Daycare personnel must be knowledgeable and trained in SSP related to SUID. This study explored the experience, knowledge, and confidence regarding SSP associated with SUID of daycare personnel.
Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 395 staff members at 61 daycare centers to measure their experience related to SSP (10 items), related to sleep position and location, bedding materials, and other topics; knowledge of SSP (18 items); and confidence in SSP (1 item) related to SUID.
Results A substantial proportion (23.6%) of respondents used the lateral or prone positions for infant sleep. On average, 4.5 bedding materials were used for infant sleep. Participants showed a lack of knowledge about SSP as indicated by a 56.6% knowledge of SSP related to SUID correct answer rate. Personnel who received SUID education were more knowledgeable and had more confidence regarding SSP than those who did not. More knowledge and confidence related to SSP were associated with better adherence to SSP.
Conclusion Standard SSP guidelines should be developed based on South Korea's culture of childcare for educating both childcare professionals and parents at home.
Purpose Sudden unexplained infant death (SUID) is a major contributor to infant mortality, and pediatric nurses have the responsibility to educate parents on SUID-reducing strategies. This study was conducted to measure pediatric nurses' knowledge of SUID-related safe sleep practices (K-SSSP) and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation (K-ICPR).
Methods In total, 136 pediatric nurses were administered a survey including K-SSSP (13 items), K-ICPR (5 items), confidence in K-SSSP education (1 item; 5 points), and other factors relating to SUID experiences or education.
Results The correct answer rates of the K-SSSP and K-ICPR were 62.6% and 62.5%, retrospectively. The mean score for confidence in K-SSSP education was 2.6±0.9. Only 18 nurses (13.2%) responded that they educated parents on the content of the K-SSSP, while 76 nurses had received education on SUID. Positive relationships were observed between K-SSSP scores and higher education, between K-ICPR scores and having own child(ren) and clinical experience, and between confidence in K-SSSP education and higher education or having one's own child(ren). Nurses caring for newborns performed more SUID education than nurses working in other units.
Conclusion There is a profound need to implement a systemic educational program on SUID and strategies to reduce SUID for pediatric nurses.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Development of an educational intervention program for infant safe sleep practices in Korea: a methodological study Jung Ae Cho, Young Mee Ahn, Min Sohn, Ok Kyung Ham, Min Kyung Lim, Hyun Young Koo Child Health Nursing Research.2026; 32(1): 16. CrossRef
An Evidence‐Based Safe Sleep Program Is Associated With Less Infant Sleep‐Related Deaths Marilyn Stringer, Jessica Lazzeri, Nicholas A. Giordano, Rosemary C. Polomano, Elizabeth Quigley, Bonnie Renner Ohnishi, Marianne Fray, Elizabeth Dunlevey, Roy Hoffman, Lori Christ Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Promoting infant safe sleep practices among neonatal and paediatric nurses through simulation-based training program Mahitab Mohamed Abdelrahman, Reham Hashem, Lareen Magdi El-Sayed Abo-Seif Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2024; 77: e474. CrossRef
Educational Boost Slashes SIDS Risk Awareness Gap Among Nurses in Iraq Safa Ahmed Mohammed, Afifa Radha Aziz Academia Open.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessment of Nurses' Performance Regarding Infant Sleep Position on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome at Neonatal Intensive Care Units Ali Soliman A.S., Abd-Elmonem H.H., Ismail S.S. African Journal of Health, Nursing and Midwifery.2022; 5(2): 55. CrossRef
Survey of Korean daycare personnel on safe sleep practices related to sudden unexplained infant death: a cross-sectional exploratory study Young Mee Ahn, Jung Ae Cho Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(4): 299. CrossRef
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Korea remains a poorly-understood subject for both professionals and the public. Recent reports have emphasized ethnic differences in SIDS rates, suggesting that making adjustments in child-rearing practices may contribute substantially to SIDS reduction. Two of the three major risk factors for SIDS-vulnerability of the infant and exogenous factors-need to be understood in particular depth due to their broad scope and sociocultural grounding. This paper presents substantial issues regarding preterm birth and male gender on infants’ vulnerability to SIDS in Korea. Practices of caring for healthy infants are addressed in the context of sleeping practices, including sleeping position, bedding arrangements, sleeping on the floor, the back-to-sleep position, high indoor temperatures and ondol floor heating, and swaddling. Professional and social awareness about how to reduce SIDS should be raised by promoting a better understanding of risk factors in the context of ethnic and cultural variations in child-rearing practices.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Development of an educational intervention program for infant safe sleep practices in Korea: a methodological study Jung Ae Cho, Young Mee Ahn, Min Sohn, Ok Kyung Ham, Min Kyung Lim, Hyun Young Koo Child Health Nursing Research.2026; 32(1): 16. CrossRef
Analysis of sleep-related sudden unexpected infant deaths and sleep environment factors: clinical experience from a single tertiary medical center Mi Ae Chu, Jung Eun Kwon Pediatric Emergency Medicine Journal.2025; 12(3): 133. CrossRef
A Qualitative Study on Korean Mothers’ Dysfunctional Beliefs and Meaning Structures Regarding Their Experiences With Infant Sleep Problems Solbi Kang, Seockhoon Cheong, Sooyeon Suh Journal of Sleep Medicine.2023; 20(3): 175. CrossRef
Survey of Korean daycare personnel on safe sleep practices related to sudden unexplained infant death: a cross-sectional exploratory study Young Mee Ahn, Jung Ae Cho Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(4): 299. CrossRef
Cultural variation in factors associated with sudden infant death during sleep Young Mee Ahn, Kyung-moo Yang, Hong Il Ha, Jung Ae Cho BMC Pediatrics.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Knowledge on Sudden Unexplained Infant Death-related Safe Sleep Practices and Infant Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Pediatric Nurses Jung Ae Cho, Min Sohn, Sangmi Lee, Young Mee Ahn Child Health Nursing Research.2020; 26(4): 454. CrossRef
PURPOSE The purposes of this study were to develop an infant sleep health education program using a video for SIDS prevention education and to measure the effects of the program. METHODS The infant sleep health education program consisted of presentations and motor images. The formation of educational material was directed by the systematic design of instruction. Participants in this study were 59 primiparous women from postpartum care centers. The instruments used in this study were criterion referenced test items for knowledge about infant sleep health and confidence inventory. Experimental group I was given the treatment of infant sleep health education program.
Experimental group II was given the program using a video reinforcement after 2 weeks. On the other hand, control group was given no treatment. RESULTS There was a significant increase in knowledge and confidence in the performance of mother's roles of both experimental group I and experimental group II over the control group. No significant difference was founds for knowledge and confidence in the performance of mother's roles between experimental group I and II. CONCLUSION The results indicate that this program is a very effective intervention for better sleep health in infants by helping the mothers increase confidence in their role performance.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Development of an educational intervention program for infant safe sleep practices in Korea: a methodological study Jung Ae Cho, Young Mee Ahn, Min Sohn, Ok Kyung Ham, Min Kyung Lim, Hyun Young Koo Child Health Nursing Research.2026; 32(1): 16. CrossRef
Parents' Experience with Infant Safety Accidents and Needs of Safety Education: Content Analysis Soo-Yeon Han, Sun-Mi Chae Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Chil.2022; 26(2): 61. CrossRef
Analysis of research on interventions for the prevention of safety accidents involving infants: a scoping review Mi Yeon Kim, Han Na Lee, Yun Kyeong Lee, Ji Soo Kim, Haeryun Cho Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(4): 234. CrossRef
Effects of a maternal role adjustment program for first time mothers who use postpartum care centers (Sanhujoriwon) in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study Ju-Eun Song, Hyun-Ju Chae, Jung Mi Ko, Jeong In Yang, Tiffany Kim BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
, Young Mee Ahn
First
Prev
