Purpose
This study aimed to systematically review studies on the effect of peer tutoring on pediatric nursing education for nursing students and identify its contents and characteristics.
Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted from November to December 2023 across databases including PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, ProQuest, and others. We included both published and unpublished literature in English or Korean. Three reviewers independently screened and selected eligible studies that involved undergraduate nursing students participating in peer tutoring programs focused on pediatric nursing education. We analyzed quantitative outcomes related to learning effects and learner responses. The quality of the studies was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials and the risk of bias assessment tool for non-randomized studies.
Results
Five studies were reviewed, encompassing randomized controlled trials, a non-randomized controlled trial, a cohort study, and a before-after study. These interventions were conducted in school settings or pediatric clinical environments and featured different forms of peer teaching: horizontal, near-peer, and reciprocal. The tutor-to-tutee ratios ranged from 1:3 to 1:36.5. The educational content covered nursing care for major neonatal diseases, communication skills, medication administration, and resuscitation techniques. Significant improvements in cognitive knowledge and communication skills were observed among nursing students. However, there was noticeable variability in the design and reporting of the studies.
Conclusion
Peer tutoring programs can effectively enhance pediatric nursing education by improving nursing students’ knowledge and skills. For future meta-analyses, more studies in this field reported according to reporting guidelines are needed.

Citations

• Exploring peer tutoring experiences in improving nursing students’ academic success and performance: A qualitative study among Emirati undergraduate nursing students
  Jacqueline Maria Dias, Fatema Salim Bati Salim Al Kaabi, Sara Tamim Al Hooti, Nada Osamah Hammadi, Rana Karim, Nabeel AlYateem, Fatma Reefat Ahmed, Mini Sara Abraham, Vidya Seshan, Muhammad Arsyad Sub, Ambrose Richard Dias, Richard Mottershead
  F1000Research.2026; 14: 1416.     CrossRef
• Exploring peer tutoring experiences in improving nursing students’ academic success and performance: A qualitative study among Emirati undergraduate nursing students
  Jacqueline Maria Dias, Fatema Salim Bati Salim Al Kaabi, Sara Tamim Al Hooti, Nada Osamah Hammadi, Rana Karim, Nabeel AlYateem, Fatma Reefat Ahmed, Mini Sara Abraham, Vidya Seshan, Muhammad Arsyad Sub, Ambrose Richard Dias, Richard Mottershead
  F1000Research.2025; 14: 1416.     CrossRef

Purpose
Hybrid simulation has emerged to increase the practicality of simulation training by combining simulators and standardized patient (SP) that implement realistic clinical environments at a high level. This study aimed to develop a hybrid simulation program focused on case of pediatric cardiac catheterization and to evaluate its effectiveness. Methods: The hybrid simulation program was developed according to the Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate (ADDIE) model. And deep learning-based analysis program was used to analyze non-verbal communication with SP and applied it for debriefing sessions. To verify the effect of the program, a quasi-experimental study using a random assignment design was conducted. In total, 48 nursing students (n=24 in the experimental group; n=24 in the control group) participated in the study.
Results
Knowledge (F=3.53, p=.038), confidence in clinical performance (F=9.73, p<.001), and communication self-efficacy (F=5.20, p=.007) showed a significant difference in both groups and interaction between time points, and the communication ability of the experimental group increased significantly (t=3.32, p=.003).
Conclusion
Hybrid simulation program developed in this study has been proven effective, it can be implemented in child nursing education. Future research should focus on developing and incorporating various hybrid simulation programs using SP into the nursing curriculum and evaluating their effectiveness.

Citations

• Effect of hybrid simulation-based training on improving nursing students’ patient interaction and suturing skills
  Hossein Mashmool, Mohammad Azim Mahmodi, Zahra Amouzeshi, Toktam Bakhshi
  BMC Medical Education.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Secure and Accessible AI in Nursing Education: A Modular Agentic Chatbot Framework Comparing ChatGPT-4o with an Open-Source LLM for Chronic Wound Care
  Necip Gürler, Tuba Sengul, Samet Hüsnü Bülbül, Dilek Yilmaz Akyaz, Özgür Güler, Asım Evren Yantaç, Emir Bedirhan Aydın, Holly Kirkland-Kyhn
  Nurse Education in Practice.2026; : 104789.     CrossRef
• Enhancing nurse-parent partnership for NICU nurses by investigating multi-modal learning with a hybrid simulation approach that integrates metaverses and real-world training
  Hee Young Kim, Soon Hyun Myung, In Young Cho
  Nurse Education in Practice.2025; 84: 104294.     CrossRef
• The role of artificial intelligence in shaping nursing education: A comprehensive systematic review
  Jiatian Ma, Jiamin Wen, Ying Qiu, Yuling Wang, Qiao Xiao, Tingting Liu, Dong Zhang, Yangyang Zhao, Zebang Lu, Zhiling Sun
  Nurse Education in Practice.2025; 84: 104345.     CrossRef
• Developing scales for clinical emotional intelligence and clinical competency and initial testing in a randomized controlled trial with hybrid simulation
  Jefferson Garcia Guerrero
  Nurse Education in Practice.2025; 87: 104450.     CrossRef
• Clinical simulation in teaching nursing students: Scoping review
  Daniel Ferreira, Delfina Borges, Maria José Oliveira, Paula Flores, Hélder Cunha, Mafalda Silva
  Athena Health & Research Journal.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to derive a conceptual definition and attributes for nursing students' rights in clinical practice in South Korea.
Methods
This concept-analysis study was conducted at a nursing school in South Korea. The participants were recruited using purposive sampling. The inclusion criteria were being a fourth-year nursing student and having two or more semesters of practical experience. The hybrid model used in this study had three stages. First, 12 studies were reviewed during the theoretical stage. Second, 10 in-depth interviews were conducted during the fieldwork stage. Third, in the analytical stage, the concept of nursing students' rights related to clinical practice was defined and the attributes were derived.
Results
The analysis established five attributes of nursing students' rights: the right to learn, the right to be protected from infections and accidents, the right to be cared for and supported, the right to be respected, and the right to be recognized as a member of a nursing team. A key theme that emerged from this study was having the right to learn in a safe and supportive environment.
Conclusion
It is necessary to develop a measurement tool based on the above five attributes and to verify its effectiveness.

Purpose
We developed a virtual reality (VR) program for use in pediatric nursing practicums to help nursing students learn to measure vital signs in children.
Methods
The analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation model was employed between July 2021 and December 2021 at a university in South Korea. In the analysis phase, in-depth interviews were conducted with four nursing students, two nursing school graduates, and four experts. The topic and contents of the VR program were settled in the design phase. The VR program was developed and subsequently used and evaluated by 20 nursing students and four experts.
Results
The contents of the VR program for pediatric nursing practicums included the measurement of vital signs in a newborn baby and a young child, as well as an evaluation system. The mean score for the nursing students' satisfaction with practice was 4.02 out of 5 points. The mean scores for overall satisfaction with the VR program were 4.15 and 4.79 out of 5 points for nursing students and experts, respectively.
Conclusion
The VR program developed in this study allows nursing students to practice measuring vital signs in children, thus improving the students' clinical performance in pediatric nursing.

Citations

• Development of an Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Nursing Program Involving Patients with Respiratory Infections
  Eun-Joo Ji, Sang Sik Lee, Eun-Kyung Lee
  Bioengineering.2026; 13(1): 98.     CrossRef
• Final Year Nursing Students' Competency in Managing Vital Signs and Detecting Patient Deterioration: An Integrative Review
  Anna-Kaisa Partanen, Hannele Turunen, Carin Magnusson, Terhi Saaranen, Mina Azimirad
  Nurse Education in Practice.2026; : 104833.     CrossRef
• Effects of a virtual reality program and simulation training for nursing students on the measurement of vital signs in children: a mixed-methods study in South Korea
  Sun Nam Park, Hyun Young Koo, Hye Young Hwang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(4): 296.     CrossRef
• Digital Educational Tools for Undergraduate Nursing Education: A Review of Serious Games, Gamified Applications and Non-Gamified Virtual Reality Simulations/Tools for Nursing Students
  Vasiliki Eirini Chatzea, Ilias Logothetis, Michail Kalogiannakis, Michael Rovithis, Nikolas Vidakis
  Information.2024; 15(7): 410.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to explore nursing students' experiences of neonatal nursing simulations using peer tutoring.
Methods
In this qualitative content analysis study, data were collected using a narrative survey and focus group interviews with 27 third-year nursing students and six fourth-year nursing students from April to May 2022. Content analysis of the collected data was conducted.
Results
Four categories—"stabilizing emotionally through each other", "advancing together", "difficulties in relationships", and "hoping to continue"—and nine sub-categories were extracted. The sub-categories "reduced burden" and "gaining confidence" were grouped into the first category, "stabilizing emotionally through each other". The sub-categories "being motivated to learn," "increased learning ability", and "preparation as a process" were grouped under "advancing together", and "attitudes affecting study environment" and "depending on help" were grouped into the third category of "difficulties in relationships". The fourth category of "hoping to continue" had "wanting to supplement for development" and "wanting to participate in different roles" as sub-categories.
Conclusion
Based on the results of this study, we expect pediatric nursing practicum education to improve through the active use of neonatal nursing simulation education incorporating peer tutoring.

Citations

• Tutoring experiences of a high-risk newborn care simulation among nurse tutors and nursing student tutees in South Korea: a qualitative study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee, Hyeran An
  Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(1): 40.     CrossRef
• Child Nursing Simulation Scenario Content Analysis: A Directed Qualitative Content Analysis
  Eun Joo Kim, Kyung Mi Cho, Sung Sook Song
  Clinical Simulation in Nursing.2024; 87: 101488.     CrossRef
• Effects of peer tutoring-based simulation education on caring for children with respiratory infections among nursing students: A mixed-methods study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Heliyon.2024; 10(16): e36014.     CrossRef
• The effect of peer tutoring on pediatric nursing education: a systematic review
  Hyun Young Koo, Hyeran An, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2024; 30(4): 215.     CrossRef

Purpose
Nursing students are susceptible to medication safety incidents in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) related to a lack of communication experience. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of a NICU medication safety simulation (NMSS) focusing on communication clarity, patient hand-off confidence, and patient safety competency in senior-year nursing students.
Methods
The study utilized a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. In total, 60 nursing students were assigned to two groups. The experimental group participated in the NMSS, which included three medication error scenarios. Pairs of students completed the scenarios together in 10 to 20 minutes. Data were analyzed using the chi-squared test, independent t test, and ANCOVA.
Results
The experimental group showed significant improvements in communication clarity (p=.015), and patient safety competency (p<.001) compared to the control group. Using the pretest values as covariates, patient hand-off confidence scores significantly increased (p=.027).
Conclusion
Implementing the NMSS focusing on communication in the pediatric nursing curriculum helped students to communicate clearly and concisely about medication errors, and its use is recommended to promote patient safety competency in the NICU.

Citations

• Reducing medication errors and near misses in an associate degree nursing program
  Leslie Catalano, Marilyn A. Prasun
  Teaching and Learning in Nursing.2026; 21(2): 191.     CrossRef
• Proactive Nursing for Medication Safety: An Interpretative Phenomenological Study of Neonatal Intensive Care Nurses' Experiences of Initiating Medication Queries
  Osama Mohamed Elsayed Ramadan, Nadia Bassuoni Elsharkawy
  Nursing in Critical Care.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Medication safety simulation training for anesthesia professionals
  Sarah Rollison, Anne M. Sauri, Ramon L. Medina, Darlena G. Jones, Wuraola Olawole, Virginia C. Simmons
  Clinical Simulation in Nursing.2025; 98: 101660.     CrossRef
• The effect of web-based double-eye control program on the prevention of pediatric medication errors of nursing students: A quasi-experimental study
  Beste Özgüven Öztornaci, Atiye Karakul, Esra Ardahan Akgül, Pinar Doğan, Hatice Yildirim Sari, Zümrüt Başbakkal
  Medicine.2025; 104(49): e46222.     CrossRef
• Development of a Patient Safety Simulation Program for New Nurses in the Intensive Care Unit
  Su Jin Jung, Jin-Hee Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursi.2024; 31(1): 100.     CrossRef
• Development and Effectiveness of Progressive Simulation Education Program on Medication Safety for Nursing Students
  Se-Young Jung, Eun-Young Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(4): 563.     CrossRef
• Effect of Team-based Simulation Training on Nursing Students' Patient Safety Competence and Performance Confidence
  Min-Jeong Chae, Hyo-Ju Jeong
  Journal of Digital Contents Society.2024; 25(11): 3449.     CrossRef
• Simulation-based training program on patient safety management: A quasi-experimental study among new intensive care unit nurses
  Su Jin Jung, Ju-Eun Song, Sun Hyoung Bae, Youngjin Lee, Seok Hyun Gwon, Jin-Hee Park
  Nurse Education Today.2023; 126: 105823.     CrossRef

Purpose
The present study aimed to develop and examine the effectiveness of a pediatric nursing competency-building program for nursing students.
Methods
This was a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design conducted between October and December 2021. The participants included 40 nursing students (20 each in the experimental and control groups) at a university in a South Korean city. The pediatric nursing competency-building program integrated problem-based learning and simulation into clinical field practice. The experimental group participated in the program, while the control group did not. Data were analyzed using the x² test, the independent t-test, and repeated-measures analysis of variance.
Results
Pediatric nursing competency and clinical performance showed a greater increase in the experimental group than in the control group. However, the change in problem-solving ability in the experimental group was not significantly different from that in the control group.
Conclusion
The pediatric nursing competency-building program effectively improved students' pediatric nursing competency and clinical performance.

Citations

• Effects of a virtual reality program and simulation training for nursing students on the measurement of vital signs in children: a mixed-methods study in South Korea
  Sun Nam Park, Hyun Young Koo, Hye Young Hwang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(4): 296.     CrossRef
• Nursing students’ experiences using photovoice with team-based learning in pediatric nursing education
  Fatemeh Ebrahimpour
  BMC Medical Education.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Development of a virtual reality program in South Korea for the measurement of vital signs in children: a methodological study
  Sun Nam Park, Hye Young Hwang, Hyun Young Koo
  Child Health Nursing Research.2023; 29(2): 137.     CrossRef

Purpose
Practical training in pediatric nursing gives students the opportunity to apply nursing knowledge to children in a realistic clinical context. Clinical practice faculty (CPF) and clinical nursing instructor (CNI) have played important roles in the pediatric nursing practicum. This study was conducted to develop a protocol to guide clinical practicum in pediatric nursing.
Methods
A service design methodology was employed between August 2020 and May 2021 at four universities and four hospitals in South Korea. The participants were five CPFs, five CNIs, five nursing college graduates, and 60 nursing students. The service design process had four phases: discovery, definition, development, and delivery. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and observations. The data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptive statistics.
Results
The participants reported needs for providing concrete guidance and explanation, nursing practice experience, and a link between school and the clinical field. A protocol was developed to fulfill the participants' needs. The protocol comprised detailed information, teaching methodology, and partnership to guide students in the pediatric nursing practicum.
Conclusion
The protocol developed in this study can be used to provide guidance for students' clinical practice in the field of pediatric nursing.

Citations

• Tutoring experiences of a high-risk newborn care simulation among nurse tutors and nursing student tutees in South Korea: a qualitative study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee, Hyeran An
  Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(1): 40.     CrossRef
• Effects of a virtual reality program and simulation training for nursing students on the measurement of vital signs in children: a mixed-methods study in South Korea
  Sun Nam Park, Hyun Young Koo, Hye Young Hwang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(4): 296.     CrossRef
• Effects of peer tutoring-based simulation education on caring for children with respiratory infections among nursing students: A mixed-methods study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Heliyon.2024; 10(16): e36014.     CrossRef
• Development and Validation of a Clinical Practicum Assessment Tool for the NAACLS-Accredited Biomedical Science Program
  Taghreed Abunada, Atiyeh M. Abdallah, Rajvir Singh, Marawan Abu-Madi
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(11): 6651.     CrossRef
• Development and evaluation of a pediatric nursing competency-building program for nursing students in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(3): 167.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to investigate the educational needs for practicing neonatal intensive care among Korean nursing students.
Methods
An explorative, sequential, mixed-methods design was used. Qualitative content analysis was conducted of in-depth interviews of six nursing students, five clinical practice faculty members, and five nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit. The results of a survey of 174 nursing students were analyzed quantitatively.
Results
Nursing students, clinical practice faculty members, and nurses wanted opportunities for direct nursing practice and education in school during neonatal intensive care practice. In terms of specific educational content, nursing students expressed the highest observation-related educational needs for communication with medical team members, and they expressed the highest practice-related educational needs for operating medical equipment used for neonatal intensive care. The nursing students' needs with regard to the method of practice education were highest for orientation from the head nurses.
Conclusion
Communication and operating medical equipment were found to be areas with high educational needs for practicing neonatal intensive care among Korean nursing students. Further research is needed to develop an educational framework and setting for practicing neonatal intensive care that would meet their needs.

Citations

• Tutoring experiences of a high-risk newborn care simulation among nurse tutors and nursing student tutees in South Korea: a qualitative study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee, Hyeran An
  Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(1): 40.     CrossRef
• Using Backward Design to Develop a Neonatal Course for Baccalaureate Nursing Students
  Kailey Rinaldi, Rebecca Koerner
  Nurse Educator.2024; 49(5): E299.     CrossRef
• Conceptualising a wellbeing-centred approach to neonatal nursing education: A discussion paper
  Jane Staples, Makaylah Starkey, Kendall Davis
  Journal of Neonatal Nursing.2024; 30(5): 424.     CrossRef
• The effect of peer tutoring on pediatric nursing education: a systematic review
  Hyun Young Koo, Hyeran An, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2024; 30(4): 215.     CrossRef
• Development of a virtual reality program in South Korea for the measurement of vital signs in children: a methodological study
  Sun Nam Park, Hye Young Hwang, Hyun Young Koo
  Child Health Nursing Research.2023; 29(2): 137.     CrossRef
• Association between Parity and Preterm Birth—Retrospective Analysis from a Single Center in Poland
  Monika Szyszka, Ewa Rzońca, Sylwia Rychlewicz, Grażyna Bączek, Daniel Ślęzak, Patryk Rzońca
  Healthcare.2023; 11(12): 1763.     CrossRef
• Development and evaluation of case video-based debriefing on a simulation of high-risk neonatal care for nursing students in South Korea: a mixed-methods study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee, Hyeran An
  BMC Nursing.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Development of a Project-Based Learning Program on High-Risk Newborn Care for Nursing Students and Its Effects: A Quasi-Experimental Study
  Hyun-Young Koo, Young-Eun Gu, Bo-Ryeong Lee
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(9): 5249.     CrossRef
• Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Neonatal Nursing Practicum and Extended Reality Simulation Training Needs: A Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study
  Sun-Yi Yang
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 20(1): 344.     CrossRef