Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a virtual reality (VR) program and simulation training on nursing students’ ability to measure vital signs in children.
Methods
This mixed-methods study, which included a randomized controlled trial and a qualitative study, was conducted from June 12 to November 15, 2023. Forty-four nursing students from a university in South Korea were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The experimental group first participated in a VR program focused on measuring vital signs in children, followed by a high-fidelity simulation training. The control group received the training in the reverse order. The participants’ knowledge, confidence in practice, and satisfaction with the practice were analyzed using the repeated-measures analysis of variance. VR learning experiences were analyzed through qualitative content analysis.
Results
Both the experimental and control groups showed significant increases in knowledge and confidence in practice after the interventions compared to baseline. However, there were no significant differences in changes in knowledge, confidence in practice, and satisfaction with practice between the two groups. Three themes were identified from the nursing students’ experiences with VR learning: ‘realistic learning training,’ ‘overcoming learning limitations,’ and ‘perceiving drawbacks.’
Conclusion
The VR program was as effective as high-fidelity simulation training in improving nursing students’ ability to measure children’s vital signs. Moreover, VR program offered additional benefits in addressing limitations of simulation-based learning. These findings suggest that VR program can serve as a valuable educational tool to enhance pediatric nursing skills.

Purpose
This pilot study aimed to develop a virtual reality (VR) nursing simulation for pediatric pneumonia care tailored to the Korean clinical context and evaluate its educational effectiveness for nursing students.
Methods
A single-group pretest–posttest design was employed with 20 senior nursing students from April to May 2025. The intervention was a 70-minute VR nursing simulation of pediatric pneumonia care, structured with pre-briefing, a main scenario, and debriefing. Data were collected on participants’ knowledge of pediatric pneumonia, clinical judgment (Nursing Clinical Judgment Scale), and simulation effectiveness (Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified) before and after the intervention. Usability (User Experience Questionnaire) and qualitative feedback were collected after the intervention. Pre-post comparisons were performed using paired t-tests.
Results
The program did not yield a statistically significant change in knowledge scores (p=.893). However, there were significant improvements in the mean scores for clinical judgment (p<.001) and simulation effectiveness (p=.013). A qualitative analysis revealed that, while the participants found the experience immersive and realistic, they also reported operational difficulties, indicating the need for usability improvements.
Conclusion
The VR nursing simulation is a promising pedagogical tool for enhancing nursing students’ clinical judgment and perceived learning effectiveness in a Korean pediatric context. The findings suggest that, while the intervention was effective in improving practical reasoning, future iterations should focus on reinforcing knowledge acquisition and optimizing user experience to maximize the educational impact.

Citations

• ORGANIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN “CLINICAL NURSING IN PEDIATRICS” UNDER WARTIME CONDITIONS ON THE MOODLE PLATFORM: CHALLENGES AND ADAPTATION
  N. I. Makieieva, M. S. Diachenko, V. E. Domnich, V. V. Andrushchenko, V. A. Koval
  Медсестринство.2025; (3-4): 54.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to explore tutoring experiences related to a high-risk newborn care simulation among nurses and nursing students to derive insights into developing effective neonatal nursing practice.
Methods
A qualitative content-analysis study was conducted in March 2023. Data were collected through narrative surveys and focus group interviews with four neonatal intensive care unit nurses and 12 senior nursing students participating in a 1-day high-risk newborn care simulation program. A content analysis was performed on the collected data.
Results
Three categories (“efforts to foster a sense of presence,” “efforts to promote positive awareness of the neonatal intensive care unit,” and “establishing one’s role as an educator”) and six subcategories were derived from the nurses’ responses. Three categories (“growth through a realistic virtual simulation,” “improved learning effects,” and “hope for continued development”) and six subcategories were derived from the nursing students’ responses.
Conclusion
The nursing students experienced realistic practice with their nurse tutors in the high-risk newborn care simulation, which helped them form their professional identity as future nurses. After tutoring, the nurses’ perceptions of nursing students changed positively, which affected their teaching methods.

Purpose
While clinical practice is crucial for nursing students to acquire the skills needed to provide professional, high-quality nursing care, further studies on improving undergraduate nursing programs are needed to provide a supportive clinical learning environment for student nurses. This study aimed to understand nursing students' clinical experiences in newborn nurseries and neonatal intensive care units and to provide basic data for the establishment of strategies to promote effective clinical education.
Methods
Interviews were held with 15 nursing students at J University who had clinical practice experience in the newborn nursery and neonatal intensive care unit. The collected data were analyzed using the phenomenological analysis method developed by Colaizzi (1978).
Results
The nursing students' experiences were grouped into four categories: expectations for and anxiety about clinical practice, acquisition of a wide range of knowledge regarding neonatal nursing, challenges faced in clinical practice, and experiencing interpersonal changes.
Conclusion
The current neonatal practice nursing education system provides students with positive learning experiences. However, the lack of practice opportunities, insufficient instruction, and the theory-practice gap were identified as major issues hindering students' learning needs. These study results are expected to provide basic data for curriculum development to improve undergraduate nursing education.

Citations

• Japanese midwifery preservice professionals’ journal reflections on practicum experiences working with mothers and infants
  Tomomi Mitsutake, Takahiro Sato, Cathy McKay, Chie Kataoka
  Multicultural Learning and Teaching.2026; 21(1): 129.     CrossRef
• Mixed reality simulation to enhance neonatal care skills in nursing students
  Ah Rim Kim
  Teaching and Learning in Nursing.2026; 21(1): e46.     CrossRef
• Self-efficacy of clinical performance in nursing students and its relationship with the motivation of field choice and clinical education status
  Maryam Momeni, Mohammadreza Asadi, Haniyeh Shadin, Sajad Noorian, Mojtaba Senmar
  BMC Medical Education.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Clinical Lived Experience of Nursing Students in a Mother and Child Center: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis
  Amina Upasheva, Paolo C. Colet, Jonas Preposi Cruz, Ejercito Mangawa Balay-odao, Marcos Lopes
  Nursing Forum.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Integrative Review of Sources of Baccalaureate Nursing Students' Clinical Practice Anxiety
  Kathleen B. Gaberson, Ruth M. Foreman, Richard Brzustowicz
  Journal of Nursing Education.2024; 63(6): 349.     CrossRef
• Experiences of Nursing Interns in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Saudi Arabia: A Phenomenological Study
  Ahmad Ismail, Rawan Gashgari
  Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Nursing students experiences in neonatal care: A qualitative study
  Carina Barreira, Inês Rodrigues, Fernanda Loureiro
  Journal of Neonatal Nursing.2023; 29(3): 559.     CrossRef
• Evaluation of the effectiveness of artificial intelligence assisted interactive screen-based simulation in breast self-examination: An innovative approach in nursing students
  Sahika Simsek-Cetinkaya, Selda Karaveli Cakir
  Nurse Education Today.2023; 127: 105857.     CrossRef
• Development and Validation of a Clinical Practicum Transition Shock Scale (CPT-Shock) for Korean Nursing Students
  Soo-Yeon Kim, Yeong-Ju Ko
  Healthcare.2023; 11(20): 2789.     CrossRef
• The state of clinical education and factors affecting effective clinical education: the point of view of nursing and midwifery students
  Mohammadreza Asadi, Sajad Noorian, Sanaz Motefakker, Fatemeh Heydari, Neda Shahsavari, Mojtaba Senmar
  BMC Medical Education.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Nursing students' experience during their practicum in an intensive care unit: A qualitative meta-synthesis
  Yue Liu, Lingmin Wang, Haiyan Shao, Peng Han, Jinxia Jiang, Xia Duan
  Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Student nurse experiences in public healthcare clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
  Yun-Jung Choi, Youn-Joo Um
  Nurse Education Today.2022; 119: 105586.     CrossRef
• Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Neonatal Nursing Practicum and Extended Reality Simulation Training Needs: A Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study
  Sun-Yi Yang
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 20(1): 344.     CrossRef
• Intensive care experiences of intern nurse students: A qualitative study
  Bilgehan Özkaya Sağlam, İzlem Sözeri Eser, Sermin Ayvaz, Neslihan Çağı, Hatice Mert, Özlem Küçükgüçlü
  Nurse Education Today.2021; 107: 105098.     CrossRef
• Developing and conducting appreciative inquiry interviews
  Fiona Arundell , Athena Sheehan , Kath Peters
  Nurse Researcher.2021; 29(4): 36.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a virtual reality simulation and a blended simulation on nursing care for children with asthma through an evaluation of critical thinking, problem-solving processes, and clinical performance in both education groups before and after the educational intervention.
Methods
The participants were 48 nursing students. The experimental group (n=22) received a blended simulation, combining a virtual reality simulation and a high-fidelity simulation, while the control group (n=26) received only a virtual reality simulation. Data were collected from February 25 to 28, 2019 and analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows.
Results
The pretest and posttest results of each group showed statistically significant improvements in critical thinking, problem-solving processes, and clinical performance. In a comparison of the results of the two education groups, the only statistically significant difference was found for critical thinking.
Conclusion
Simulation-based education in child nursing has continued to involve high-fidelity simulations that are currently run in many programs. However, incorporating a new type of blended simulation, combining a virtual reality simulation and a high-fidelity simulation, into the nursing curriculum may contribute to the further development of nursing education.

Citations

• Effects of a Nursing Education Program Using Virtual Reality for Childbirth Nursing Care on Knowledge, Problem-Solving Ability and Nursing Performance in Nursing Students
  Sung Jung Hong, Hwal Lan Bang, Leesuk Ferencsik
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursi.2025; 32(1): 35.     CrossRef
• A VR-Based Trauma Nursing Education Program for Clinical Nurses: Integrating Jeffries’ Model and the 5E Learning Cycle
  Heeyeon Kim, Gyuli Baek, Eunju Lee
  Healthcare.2025; 13(19): 2542.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Digital Collaboration Problem-Solving Competency on Online Simulation Training in the COVID-19 Era: Mediating Effect of Flipped Learning
  Jung Eun Shin
  Journal of Digital Contents Society.2025; 26(9): 2635.     CrossRef
• Development and Effects of a Virtual Reality-Based Educational Application to Enhance Clinical Practice Competence in Nursing Students
  Yun-Ha Choi
  Journal of Digital Contents Society.2025; 26(11): 3165.     CrossRef
• Effects of a Blended Simulation for High-risk Neonatal Nursing on Nursing Students’ Learning Outcomes by Learning Strategy
  Eun Jung Cho
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2025; 50(4): 410.     CrossRef
• Efficacy of a virtual nursing simulation-based education to provide psychological support for patients affected by infectious disease disasters: a randomized controlled trial
  Eunjung Ko, Yun-Jung Choi
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Pressure Ulcer Management Virtual Reality Simulation (PU-VRSim) for Novice Nurses: Mixed Methods Study
  Soo Youn Jung, Kyoung Ja Moon
  JMIR Serious Games.2024; 12: e53165.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of a Fire Disaster PFA Simulation Game: A Single-Blinded Trial
  Yun-Jung Choi, Heewon Song
  Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Virtual Simulation-Based Learning Competency Self-Evaluation Tool: A Methodological Study
  Mikang Kim, Sunghee Kim
  Journal of Korea Society for Simulation in Nursing.2024; 12(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Comparative study on the effects of role changes in simulation training among Korean nursing students
  Hyun Joo Yang, Mi Hyang Choi, Mi Sung Bang
  Clinical Simulation in Nursing.2024; 94: 101585.     CrossRef
• Intervention Effectiveness of CPR and Defibrillator Training using Augmented Reality in Nursing Students
  Won Min Jeong, Hyeon Cheol Jeong
  Journal of Korea Society for Simulation in Nursing.2024; 12(2): 59.     CrossRef
• Teaching strategies of clinical reasoning in advanced nursing clinical practice: A scoping review
  Silvia Giuffrida, Verdiana Silano, Nicola Ramacciati, Cesarina Prandi, Alessia Baldon, Monica Bianchi
  Nurse Education in Practice.2023; 67: 103548.     CrossRef
• A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on extended reality-based pediatric nursing simulation program development
  Eun Joo Kim, Ji Young Lim, Geun Myun Kim
  Child Health Nursing Research.2023; 29(1): 24.     CrossRef
• A Literature Review of Simulation-Based Nursing Education in Korea
  Sumee Oh, Jungmin Park
  Nursing Reports.2023; 13(1): 506.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of the Patient’s Severity Classification Competency Promotion Virtual Reality Program of Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period
  Eunju Lee, Gyuli Baek, Yeonhui Hwang
  Healthcare.2023; 11(8): 1122.     CrossRef
• Development and Effects of a Virtual Reality Simulation Nursing Education Program Combined With Clinical Practice Based on an Information Processing Model
  Eunju Lee, Gyuli Baek
  CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing.2023; 41(12): 1016.     CrossRef
• Effects of a virtual reality simulation integrated with problem-based learning on nursing students’ critical thinking ability, problem solving ability, and self-efficacy: a non-randomized trial
  Young A Song, Minkyeong Kim
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2023; 29(3): 229.     CrossRef
• The Development and Evaluation of the Online Respiratory Infectious Disease Nursing Simulation Course for Nursing Students
  Jisu Lee, Hye Won Yoon
  Journal of Korea Society for Simulation in Nursing.2023; 11(2): 91.     CrossRef
• Learning effects of virtual versus high-fidelity simulations in nursing students: a crossover comparison
  SoMi Park, Hea Kung Hur, ChaeWeon Chung
  BMC Nursing.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Eleştirel Düşünme Becerilerinin Geliştirilmesinde Kullanılan Öğretim Yöntemleri
  İpek KÖSE TOSUNÖZ
  Fenerbahçe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi.2022; 2(2): 497.     CrossRef
• A reflective cycle-based virtual reality approach to promoting students’ learning achievement, sense of presence, and higher-order thinking in professional training
  Gwo-Jen Hwang, Ching-Yi Chang
  Interactive Learning Environments.2022; : 1.     CrossRef
• Core educational components of interprofessional education in pediatric emergencies: An integrated review
  Soonyoung Shon, Hyejin Jeon, Heejin Hwang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2021; 27(2): 111.     CrossRef
• Virtual Experience of Perioperative Patients: Walking in the Patients’ Shoes Using Virtual Reality and Blended Learning
  Hyeon-Young Kim, Ji-Hye Lee, Eun-Hye Lee
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2021; 18(12): 6457.     CrossRef
• Effects of Nursing Simulation Using Mixed Reality: A Scoping Review
  Kyeng-Jin Kim, Moon-Ji Choi, Kyu-Jin Kim
  Healthcare.2021; 9(8): 947.     CrossRef
• The Korean version of the Virtual Patient Learning System Evaluation Tool: Assessment of reliability and validity
  Hae Jeong An, Jung Suk Choi, Min Roh, Hyun Mi Cho, Eun Ju Choi
  Nurse Education Today.2021; 106: 105093.     CrossRef
• Development and Effects of Head-Mounted Display-Based Home-Visits Virtual Reality Simulation Program for Nursing Students
  Min Kweon Ahn, Chong Mi Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(4): 465.     CrossRef
• Analysis of the virtual simulation practice and high fidelity simulation practice training experience of nursing students: A mixed-methods study
  Eun Hye Lee, So Young Ryu
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2021; 27(3): 227.     CrossRef
• Development and Effects of a Nursing Education Program Using Virtual Reality for Enhancing Clinical Decision-Making Ability in Respiratory Disease Nursing Care
  Eun Ju Lee, Min Jung Ryu
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursi.2021; 28(4): 458.     CrossRef
• Effect of Psychiatric Nursing Practice Online Education Using Case-Based VR
  Young Shin Lee, Juhang Kim, Ji Young Lim, Geun Myun Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Menta.2021; 30(4): 369.     CrossRef
• Developing Nursing Standard Guidelines for Nurses in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Delphi Study
  Hanna Lee, Da-Jung Kim, Jeong-Won Han
  Healthcare.2020; 8(3): 320.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the status of caffeine-containing energy drink consumption among Korean nursing students and to identify associated psychological factors.
Methods
In total, 187 Korean nursing students participated in this cross-sectional study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to identify participants' general characteristics and psychosocial factors (self-esteem, academic stress, depression, and college adjustment) associated with energy drink consumption. Data were analyzed with SPSS using descriptive statistics, the x2 test, the t-test, and logistic regression.
Results
More than two-thirds (73.3%) of the participants had consumed energy drinks. Among the investigated psychological factors, depression appeared to most strongly influence energy drink consumption behaviors in this population.
Conclusion
The consumption of caffeine-containing energy drinks was found to be common among nursing students preparing to become health care professionals; depressed nursing students were more likely to have consumed energy drinks than non-depressed students. Nursing educators should emphasize the early detection of unhealthy beverage consumption habits and provide appropriate education to enhance healthy behaviors in future health care professionals.

Citations

• Quantification of Caffeine in Energy and Cola Drinks via Rapid High Performance Liquid Chromatography Assays with Ultra Violet Diode Array Detection
  Christopher E. Karlsen, Jake A. Cravino, Arianne Soliven, Peter J. Mahon, Feng Li, R. Andrew Shalliker
  Beverages.2025; 11(2): 39.     CrossRef
• Comparative Study of Middle and High School Students on the Relationship between High-Caffeine Drinks and Mental Health
  Jeeyeon PARK, Haesun YUN
  Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2025; 25(1): 29.     CrossRef
• Exploring perception types regarding the effects of energy drink consumption among South Korean male adolescents: a Q-methodology study
  Sun Jung Park, Eun Ju Choi
  Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(4): 211.     CrossRef
• Energy Drink Knowledge, Consumption, and Regulation Support Among Polish Medical and Non-Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Paulina Mularczyk-Tomczewska, Tytus Koweszko, Julia Koperdowska, Ewelina Adamska, Andrzej Silczuk
  Nutrients.2025; 17(21): 3430.     CrossRef
• Caffeine and high energy drink use and knowledge by nurses in three countries
  Kathryn E. Phillips, Younhee Kang, Sook Jung Kang, Cristian Girotto, Joyce J. Fitzpatrick
  Applied Nursing Research.2021; 58: 151414.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a neonatal nursing practice program for nursing students on students’ stress, self-efficacy, and confidence.
Methods
A 1-group pre- and post- study design was used. The participants consisted of 64 nursing students who were in a pediatric nursing clinical practicum at a nursing college in Seoul from September 2015 to May 2016. The program consisted of 3 stages-orientation, practice, and debriefing-and was conducted for 3 hours during a 2-week period of the pediatric nursing clinical practicum. The dependent variables were neonatal nursing practice stress, self-efficacy, and confidence. Data were analyzed using the paired t-test, the Pearson correlation coefficient, the x² test, and descriptive statistics with SPSS for Windows version 22.0.
Results
The neonatal nursing practice program was effective at decreasing clinical practice-related stress and increasing confidence and self-efficacy regarding neonatal nursing practice.
Conclusion
The neonatal nursing practice program may effectively promote the integration of theoretical knowledge and practice. In the future, we propose to develop various educational programs that reinforce basic nursing skills for neonates as part of an effective pediatric nursing clinical practicum.

Citations

• Development and Evaluation of a Simulation Training Program for Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Nurses on Severe Respiratory Emergency among Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
  Youngae Song, Jaehee Lee, Jiyoon Kang, Heekyung Kang, Junghee Lee, Inkyung Bong
  Journal of Korea Society for Simulation in Nursing.2025; 13(1): 15.     CrossRef
• Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Body Temperature Management Self-Efficacy Scale (BTM-SES) for Surgical Patients
  Ozlem Sahi̇n Akboga
  Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Approaches for boosting self-confidence of clinical nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Elahe Ramezanzade Tabriz, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Ensieh Tavana, Hamid Heidarian Miri, Fatemeh Heshmati Nabavi
  Heliyon.2024; 10(6): e27347.     CrossRef
• Relationship between nursing students’ levels of liking children and self-efficacy in paediatric medication administration
  Mehmet Bulduk, Veysel Can, Eda Nur Muhafiz
  BMC Medical Education.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Clinical Stress and Clinical Performance in Prelicensure Nursing Students: A Systematic Review
  Susan R. Welch
  Journal of Nursing Education.2023; 62(1): 36.     CrossRef
• Self‐efficacy in the context of nursing education and transition to practice as a registered practitioner: A systematic review
  Mousa Abusubhiah, Nuala Walshe, Rena Creedon, Brendan Noonan, Josephine Hegarty
  Nursing Open.2023; 10(10): 6650.     CrossRef
• The Relationship between Nursing Students' Fear of COVID-19 and General Self-Efficacy and Clinical Stress Levels
  Leyla Zengin Aydın, Aysel Doğan
  Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergis.2023; 10(3): 214.     CrossRef
• Hastaların Hemşirelik Öğrencilerine Yönelik Bakım Algısı Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
  Özlem KARATANA, Tuğba ÖZTÜRK YILDIRIM
  Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi.2023; 5(3): 213.     CrossRef
• Preparing the future workforce for 2030: the role of higher education institutions
  Bharti Pandya, Umar Ruhi, Louise Patterson
  Frontiers in Education.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Underrepresented Ethnic Minority Nursing Students’ Perceptions of Factors That Enhanced or Hindered Their Self-Efficacy
  Julianne Page
  Nursing Education Perspectives.2022; 43(6): E70.     CrossRef
• Applying the Technology Acceptance Model to Explore Nursing Students' Behavioral Intention to Use Nursing Information Smartphones in a Clinical Setting
  Ching-Yi Lai, Tzu-Ying Lee, Shu-Chuan Lin, I-Hsiang Lin
  CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing.2022; 40(7): 506.     CrossRef
• HEMŞİRELİKTE TEORİK EĞİTİM VE MESLEKİ UYGULAMA ARASINDAKİ ETKİLEŞİMİN, ÖĞRENCİLERİN ÖZ YETERLİK DÜZEYİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ
  Behire SANÇAR, Aynur ÇELİK, Meryem Türkan IŞIK
  Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi.2021; 6(2): 401.     CrossRef
• Nursing Skills Fair in an Austere Military Environment
  Laura Ogle, Gwen Harville
  Journal of Emergency Nursing.2020; 46(1): 21.     CrossRef
• Análise da efetividade do estágio prático internacional de enfermagem em relação ao estágio prático nacional de enfermagem
  Esther O. Park
  Acta Paulista de Enfermagem.2019; 32(2): 153.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore nursing students’ experiences of debriefing after simulation-based learning and to obtain fundamental data to support the development of effective teaching strategies.
Methods
Sixty-seven nursing students participated in this study from April to May, 2017. This was a descriptive study analyzing the content of students’ descriptions of structured questions in 3 stages (description, analysis, and application) based on recorded videos.
Results
The description stage was classified into 3 categories for problem recognition, 4 categories for the nursing plan, and 6 categories for the nursing intervention. The analysis stage was classified into 6 categories for satisfactory practice, 3 categories for experience and 4 categories for what they learned through practice. The application stage was classified into 5 categories, that were to be mastered, and 6 categories, that were important to recognize.
Conclusion
This study succeeded in charaterizing learners’ experiences of debriefing. During the debriefing, students watched recorded videos, and we found that self-evaluation through structured questionnaires could be a very effective way to strengthen students’ core competencies. Our content analysis of the debriefing is expected to contribute to the development of effective strategies in simulation-based education for students and nurses.

Citations

• Influencing Factors on Nursing Students’ Learning Flow during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Method Research
  JinRyung Park, Minjeong Seo
  Asian Nursing Research.2022; 16(1): 35.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of Debriefing for Meaningful Learning-based simulation training on high-risk neonatal care: A randomized controlled simulation study
  Sun-Yi Yang, Yun-Hee Oh
  Clinical Simulation in Nursing.2021; 61: 42.     CrossRef
• Effect of Psychiatric Nursing Practice Online Education Using Case-Based VR
  Young Shin Lee, Juhang Kim, Ji Young Lim, Geun Myun Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Menta.2021; 30(4): 369.     CrossRef
• Influencing Factors of Learning Flow, Self Leadership and Debriefing Satisfaction on Problem Solving Ability of Nursing Students in Simulation Learning
  Gyoo-Yeong CHO, Mi-Kyung SEO
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2020; 32(2): 409.     CrossRef
• Effects of a Virtual Reality Simulation and a Blended Simulation of Care for Pediatric Patient with Asthma
  Mikang Kim, Sunghee Kim, Woo Sook Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(4): 496.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop a model for handoff education for nursing students based on simulation using video and to identify educational effects of a simulated situation in pediatric care units.
Methods
Data were collected from May 1 to 30, 2016. Participants were 84 senior nursing students in Seoul (video group: 43, simulation group: 41). Both groups were given a lecture and pre-briefing on handoff education. The simulation group had nursing practice on resolving health issues for respiratory distress using a high-fidelity baby simulator. The video group watched a video recording of a scenario based simulation, and used a summarized handoff situation to practice patient handoff to another student.
Results
There was no significant difference between the two groups for handoff self-confidence, problem solving ability, handoff competence (self-assessment of students), or learning satisfaction. Self-confidence increased significantly in both groups. Handoff competency evaluated by the instructor was higher in the video group compared to the simulation group (t=2.33, p=.022).
Conclusion
Nursing student education for handoff practice utilizing a video in the pediatric unit was more cost effective. Therefore, it could be a useful educational method for students in learning patient handoff practices and helpful for related research.

Citations

• Educational interventions for improving nursing shift handovers: A systematic review
  Jin Yi Choi, Mikyoung Byun, Eun Jung Kim
  Nurse Education in Practice.2024; 74: 103846.     CrossRef
• Comparing the impact of PASS-BAR handoff education for new nurses between simulation-based and case-based approaches: A quasi-experimental design
  Jihyang Lim, Youngmi Kang
  Nurse Education in Practice.2024; 79: 104036.     CrossRef
• Effects of peer tutoring-based simulation education on caring for children with respiratory infections among nursing students: A mixed-methods study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Heliyon.2024; 10(16): e36014.     CrossRef
• Needs assessment of a home-visit safety management training program for visiting nurses
  Eunjoo Kim, Hyori Kim
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2023; 29(2): 138.     CrossRef
• Patient handover education programme based on situated learning theory for nursing students in clinical practice
  Jung Hee Kim, Jong Mi Lim, Eun Man Kim
  International Journal of Nursing Practice.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Development of a protocol for guidance in the pediatric nursing practicum in South Korea: a methodology study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(1): 51.     CrossRef
• A comparative study on the training method that mixed face-to-face/non-face-to-face education for apprentice engineers in the training ship
  Jung-Ho Noh, Eun-Seok Jeong, Jin-Uk Lee, Sae-Gin Oh, Kyoung-Kuk Yoon, Jong-Su Kim, Hyeon-Min Jeon, Jae-Jung Hur
  Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technol.2022; 46(2): 93.     CrossRef
• Development and evaluation of a neonatal intensive care unit medication safety simulation for nursing students in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study
  Mi Seon Son, Minyoung Yim, Eun Sun Ji
  Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(4): 259.     CrossRef
• Development and evaluation of a pediatric nursing competency-building program for nursing students in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(3): 167.     CrossRef
• Effects of Handoff Education using Concept Mapping and PASS-BAR
  Heejung Kim, So-Hi Kwon
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursi.2021; 28(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Educational needs for practicing neonatal intensive care among Korean nursing students
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2021; 27(4): 339.     CrossRef
• A comparative study on video training and lecture-style training for apprentice engineers of training ships
  Ki-Young Han, Jun-Soo Kim, Hong-Beom Kim, Jae Jung Hur
  Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technol.2021; 45(6): 459.     CrossRef
• Development of Handoff Education Program using SBAR for Nursing Students and Its Effect on Self-efficacy, Communication Ability and Clinical Performance Ability
  Jiyoung Do, Sujin Shin
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursi.2019; 26(2): 117.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect nursing students’ perception of pediatric safety nursing activities for children during hospitalization.
Methods
The study sample included 304 nursing students who had participated in pediatric nursing practice. Data were analyzed using SAS 9.3 program.
Results
Regression analysis showed that the model’s explanatory power was 37%. Safety policy and procedure, safety priority, disaster experience, and knowing a place of refuge were factors affecting the perception of safety nursing activities for children during hospitalization.
Conclusion
Findings show that safety policy and procedures and safety priority are major factors that affect the perception of safety nursing activities and indicate that effective education programs on safety policy and procedure and safety priority are necessary to improve the perception of safety nursing activities.

Citations

• The influencing factors of pediatric nurses’ perception of patient safety culture and partnership with patients’ parents on patient safety nursing activities in South Korea: a descriptive study
  Seo Jin Lee, Young Ran Han
  Child Health Nursing Research.2024; 30(4): 255.     CrossRef
• A structural equation model for the patient safety competency of clinical nurses
  Jung-hyun Choi, KyoungEun Kim
  PeerJ.2024; 12: e18462.     CrossRef
• Development of Educational Content for Nurses to Prevent Safety Accidents of Hospitalized Children: Delphi Approach
  Yun Sil Lee, Won-Oak Oh
  Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(1): 74.     CrossRef
• Patient Safety Care Activity in Small-Medium Sized Hospital Nurses Patient Safety Care Activity among Nurses in Small-Medium Sized General Hospitals
  Yuna Paik, Youngji Kim
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2018; 21(1): 51.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was done to analyze nursing students’ attitudes to life-sustaining treatment by measuring their awareness of biomedical ethics and resulting attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment.
Methods
This study was a descriptive research to assess the level of nursing students’ awareness of biomedical ethics, attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, and correlations between these variables. After the nursing students signed a consent form they were assessed. Data collection was done from September 1 to October 25, 2016, and analyzed using SPSS 23.0 WIM Program.
Results
There was a negative correlation and significant difference between nursing students’ awareness of biomedical ethics and attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. There was a significant correlation among attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment and medical ethics, mortality ethics.
Conclusion
The findings in the study indicate that it is necessary to provide nursing students with easy access to continuous education to help them establish an acceptable view of withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment.

Citations

• Subjective Attitudes towards Terminal Patients of Nursing Students with Clinical Practice Experience: Application of Q Methodology
  Eun Ju Lee, Kyung-Hye Hwang, Ok-Hee Cho
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2019; 22(4): 156.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Attitude Toward Advance Directive in Nursing Students
  Hee Jung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Educ.2019; 25(2): 227.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore perception of the clinical learning environment, resilience and perfectionism in relation to practice burnout and to identify factors influencing practice burnout in student nurses.
Methods
A descriptive correlational study was conducted. The participants were 313 student nurses from three universities in B and U city. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, Scheffés test and multiple regression analysis.
Results
Mean score for practice burnout in student nurses was 2.92 out of 5 points. Practice burnout explained 44.7% of the variance in perfectionism (β=.245, p<.001), satisfaction with college life (β=.232, p<.001), resilience (β=-.228, p<.001), clinical learning environment (β=-.193, p<.001), satisfaction with major (β=.180, p=.001), practical relationships with peers (β=.128, p=.005), and satisfaction with clinical practice (β=.124, p=.039).
Conclusion
Research results suggest that the important variable for student nurses’ practice burnout is perfectionism. Therefore education is needed to develop strategies to manage perfectionism and reduce practice burnout.

Citations

• The mediating effect of digital health literacy on the relationship between nursing assessment communication competence and practice burnout in nursing students
  Mi-Young An, Mi-Joung Yi
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2025; 31(4): 464.     CrossRef
• Compassionate Care: A Qualitative Exploration of Nurses’ Inner Resources in the Face of Burnout
  Sarah-Louise d’Auvergne Flowers, Mireia Guillén-Solà, Noemí Sansó, Laura Galiana
  Nursing Reports.2024; 14(1): 66.     CrossRef
• Influence of grit on academic burnout, clinical practice burnout, and job‐seeking stress among nursing students
  Se‐Won Kang, Eun‐Jin Choi
  Perspectives in Psychiatric Care.2022; 58(4): 1959.     CrossRef
• The influence of nursing students’ perfectionism tendency and perception of instructor caring on incivility experienced by nursing students
  Eun Nam Lee, Na Geong Kim
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2021; 27(4): 436.     CrossRef
• Structural Model of Professional Socialization of Nursing Students With Clinical Practice Experience
  Soo-yeon Kim, Yong Soon Shin
  Journal of Nursing Education.2020; 59(3): 133.     CrossRef
• Effect of Incivility, Resilience, and Social Support Experienced by Nursing Students on Burnout in Clinical Practice
  Eun Jung Lee, Mi-Hae Sung, Hye-Kyong Ahn, Yun Ah Kim
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2019; 25(1): 86.     CrossRef
• Burnout amongst Nurses in Cancer Wards: Impact of Nursing Professionalism, Perfectionism, and Resilience
  Eun Ko, Hye Young Kim, Gwang Sook Kim, Rang Soon Kim, Hyang Sook So
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2018; 18(4): 214.     CrossRef
• The Relation between Stress of Clinical Practice and Burnout among Nursing Students: The Mediation Effect of Spiritual Well-being
  Do Young Lee, Jin Kyoung Park, Mi Young Choi
  Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Educ.2017; 23(3): 300.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was designed to explore nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes and intention to report cases of child abuse.
Methods
A descriptive research design was used with a convenience sample of 202 nursing students. After explaining the purpose of the study, participants who signed the consent form were asked to complete a self-descriptive questionnaire, which included the Child Abuse Intension Scale (CARIS).
Results
The number of correct answers for knowledge of child abuse and the law was 7.0 /13. The mean scores were, for attitude toward childrearing belief and discipline, 17.1 ± 5.2, for punishment and culpability of offender or victim, 24.6 ± 4.1, for professional responsibility, 30.5±5.1, and for perceived behavioral control, 25.3±5.0. The intended reporting behavior differed significantly by severity of abuse. Factors influencing the intention to report child abuse were attitude towards punishment of parents, professional responsibility, and perceived behavioral control (R² = .133).
Conclusion
On the basis of our finding, developing education programs to help nursing students detect child abuse and improve reporting rates is important. Thus, we suggests that nursing students be provided with educational protocol for detection and reporting of child abuse.

Citations

• Effects of nursing students’ ability to empathize, recognize children’s rights, and perceive child abuse on their intention to report child abuse
  Hye-Seon Lee, Hyunkyung Choi
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2024; 30(1): 61.     CrossRef
• The Reliability and Validity of the Greek Version of the Child Abuse Report Intention Scale (CARIS) Questionnaire for Midwives, Along With Factors Associated With Their Intention to Report Child Abuse and Neglect
  Eleni Theodoridou, Athanasios Sachlas, Alexandra Soldatou, Victoria Vivilaki, Angeliki Antonakou
  Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The effects of action learning-based education of nursing students on the perception of child abuse
  Nam Hye Ri, Sun Jung Park
  International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIE.2023; 10(11): 14.     CrossRef
• Awareness Levels of Child Neglect and Abuse in Nursing Students
  Suzan ÖZKAN
  OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors Associated with Nursing Students’ Intention to Report Needlestick Injuries: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior
  Nelson A. Ditching, Angel Grace F. Furatero, Razilee Vania S. Iquiña, Aira Darlyn M. Sabulao, Jason M. Supremo, Ryan Michael Flores Oducado
  Nurse Media Journal of Nursing.2020; 10(3): 234.     CrossRef
• The effect of training program on the knowledge level of midwifery students about child abuse
  EsraTural Büyük
  Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences.2019; 6(4): 171.     CrossRef
• A Survey of Nurses’ Perceptions on Child Abuse
  Hae Young Min, Shin-Jeong Kim, Jung Min Lee, So-Ra Kang, Ji-eun Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(2): 229.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to investigate nursing students’ knowledge and beliefs about Kangaroo care (KC).
Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. Undergraduate students enrolled in departments of nursing (n=322) from three universities in D city participated. Knowledge and beliefs about KC were measured using the Kangaroo Care Questionnaire (KCQ).
Results
The overall level of nursing students’ knowledge about KC was very low with a mean score of 6.9 out of 17. The mean score for nursing students’ beliefs about KC was 87.4 out of 100, indicating relatively positive beliefs. The students who had both education and exposure to KC had higher scores for knowledge and more positive beliefs about KC compared to students with no experience or exposure to KC. There was a positive correlation between knowledge and beliefs about KC (r = .371, p < .001).
Conclusion
The results suggest that there is a need to develop educational programs for nursing students in order to increase their knowledge and develop positive beliefs about KC.

Citations

• Hemşirelik ve Ebelik Öğrencilerinin Kanguru Bakımı İle İlgili Bilgi ve Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi
  Özlem KARABULUTLU, Fatma BİLGİN
  Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.2023; 8(2): 223.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was done to identify the meaning and substantial nature of NICU practice among nursing students by applying a research method based on hermeneutic phenomenology in an attempt to lay a foundation for enhancing theoretical and practical child nursing education.
Methods
The participants were eight nursing student who had experience in clinical practicing in NICU. In-depth interviews were performed from April to December, 2014 until data were fully saturated. Collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method.
Results
Seven theme clusters were extracted from fourteen themes. The seven theme clusters of the nursing students’ clinical practice experience in NICU were: 1) Excitement about the clinical practice setting 2) Afraid of practice environment 3) Babies have priority over clinical practice 4) Comparing with adult nursing clinical practice 5) Feeling pity for babies and their parents 6) New awareness about the role of nurses 7) Demands of enhancing clinical practice.
Conclusion
The results of the study provide useful information in understanding nursing students’ practice experience in NICU and establishing effective strategies to support these nursing students.

Citations

• Experiences of Nursing Interns in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Saudi Arabia: A Phenomenological Study
  Ahmad Ismail, Rawan Gashgari
  Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Nursing students experiences in neonatal care: A qualitative study
  Carina Barreira, Inês Rodrigues, Fernanda Loureiro
  Journal of Neonatal Nursing.2023; 29(3): 559.     CrossRef
• Development of a protocol for guidance in the pediatric nursing practicum in South Korea: a methodology study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(1): 51.     CrossRef
• Development of a Project-Based Learning Program on High-Risk Newborn Care for Nursing Students and Its Effects: A Quasi-Experimental Study
  Hyun-Young Koo, Young-Eun Gu, Bo-Ryeong Lee
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(9): 5249.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of neonatal emergency nursing education through simulation training: Flipped learning based on Tanner’s Clinical Judgement Model
  Sun‐Yi Yang
  Nursing Open.2021; 8(3): 1314.     CrossRef
• Educational needs for practicing neonatal intensive care among Korean nursing students
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2021; 27(4): 339.     CrossRef
• Nursing Students' Practice Experience on Community Visiting Nursing
  Jae-Hyun Ha, Jeong-Hee Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nurs.2020; 31(1): 43.     CrossRef
• Developing Nursing Standard Guidelines for Nurses in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Delphi Study
  Hanna Lee, Da-Jung Kim, Jeong-Won Han
  Healthcare.2020; 8(3): 320.     CrossRef
• Levels of Nursing Students’ Core Skills Performance, Satisfaction, and Clinical Judgment According to Four Types of High-risk Neonatal Nursing Simulation during Three Phases
  Eun Jung Cho, Won Kee Lee
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2019; 44(2): 206.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation of critical thinking disposition and problem solving process, and the simulation-based assessment of clinical competence based on a survey of college nursing students.
METHODS
In this descriptive correlation study, data for 214 nursing students were analyzed using t-test and Pearson correlation coefficients.
RESULTS
Critical thinking disposition, problem solving process, and simulation-based assessment of clinical competence averaged 3.76+/-0.46 (out of 5), 3.67+/-0.47 (5), and 1.51+/-0.17 (2), respectively. A significant difference in scores for simulation-based assessment of clinical competence was found between the high-scoring group and low-scoring group in critical thinking disposition. A significant positive correlation was found between critical thinking disposition and nursing assessment, a sub-domain of clinical competence.
CONCLUSION
The results suggest that success in simulation-based learning requires critical thinking disposition in the nursing students, and their critical thinking disposition plays a positive role in nursing assessment, which evaluates the patient's status in a complex situation. Simulation-based learning programs help assess the students' levels in their clinical judgement and performance, and identify their strengths and weaknesses so that the instructor can evaluate and improve the current teaching method.

Citations

• Effects of Community Nursing Simulation Education on Nursing Core Competencies, Clinical Judgment, and Clinical Performance of Nursing College Students
  Hoo-Jeung Cho, Kyong-Sun Chong
  European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psych.2025; 15(6): 92.     CrossRef
• Effects of team-based mixed reality simulation program in emergency situations
  Moon-Ji Choi, Kyeng-Jin Kim, Abdelaziz Said Hendy
  PLOS ONE.2024; 19(2): e0299832.     CrossRef
• Development and effect of hybrid simulation program for nursing students: focusing on a case of pediatric cardiac catheterization in Korea: quasi-experimental study
  Eunju Jin, Hyunju Kang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2024; 30(4): 277.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Problem-solving Process and Learning Flow in Nursing Simulation on Clinical Competency of Nursing College Students
  Young-Sun Ha, Yong-Kyung Park
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2023; 48(3): 196.     CrossRef
• Mediating effects of self-directed learning on the relationship between critical thinking and problem-solving in student nurses attending online classes: A cross-sectional descriptive study
  Yeoungsuk Song, Yoonmi Lee, Junghoon Lee
  Nurse Education Today.2022; 109: 105227.     CrossRef
• Association between self-esteem, critical thinking disposition, and field practice stress of dental laboratory technology students
  Wol Kang, Yeon Jang
  Journal of Korean Acedemy of Dental Technology.2022; 44(3): 81.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Simulation Nursing Education Using the Outcome-Present State-Test Model on Clinical Reasoning, the Problem-Solving Process, Self-Efficacy, and Clinical Competency in Korean Nursing Students
  Yon Hee Seo, Mi Ran Eom
  Healthcare.2021; 9(3): 243.     CrossRef
• Clinical judgment model-based nursing simulation scenario for patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A mixed methods study
  AeRi Jang, Hyunyoung Park, César Leal-Costa
  PLOS ONE.2021; 16(5): e0251029.     CrossRef
• Impact of mind mapping on the critical thinking ability of clinical nursing students and teaching application
  Hang-Zhou Wu, Qiu-Ting Wu
  Journal of International Medical Research.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Relationship Between Critical Thinking and Clinical Competence in Nurses
  Mansooreh Tajvidi, Soheila Moghimi Hanjani
  Strides in Development of Medical Education.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Levels of Nursing Students’ Core Skills Performance, Satisfaction, and Clinical Judgment According to Four Types of High-risk Neonatal Nursing Simulation during Three Phases
  Eun Jung Cho, Won Kee Lee
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2019; 44(2): 206.     CrossRef
• Development and Effects a Simulation-based Emergency Airway Management Education Program for Nurses in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
  Minjung Kim, Sunghee Kim
  Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(4): 518.     CrossRef
• Critical Thinking, Stress of Clinical Practice and Competence of Clinical Practice of the Nursing Students
  Gyoo-Yeong CHO
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2018; 30(4): 1223.     CrossRef
• Effect of Team-based Learning using Reflection Journal on Pregnancy Nursing Course for Nursing Students
  Jin Young Kim, Mi-Kyoung Lee
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2018; 24(4): 404.     CrossRef
• The Factor Influencing Problem Solving Ability of Nursing Students in Nursing Simulation Learning
  Gyoo-Yeong CHO
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2017; 29(4): 1083.     CrossRef
• Effects of high‐fidelity patient simulation led clinical reasoning course: Focused on nursing core competencies, problem solving, and academic self‐efficacy
  JuHee Lee, Yoonju Lee, Senah Lee, Juyeon Bae
  Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2016; 13(1): 20.     CrossRef
• The Reliability and Validity of the Lasater Clinical Judgement Rubric in Korean Nursing Students
  Kaka Shim, Hyunsook Shin
  Child Health Nursing Research.2015; 21(2): 160.     CrossRef
• The Relationship among Self-esteem, Empathy, Communication Skill and Clinical Competency of Nursing Students
  Jeong Hwa Park, Su Kyoung Chung
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperati.2015; 16(11): 7698.     CrossRef