Purpose Developmental disabilities (DDs) are a global childhood problem whose prevalence is rising, with a disproportionate impact on individuals in low-and middle-income countries. However, data on the prevalence of DDs in the Arab world are limited. This review highlights what is currently known about the prevalence and risk factors of DDs in preschool children in the Arab world.
Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were searched for publications on DDs among preschool children in the Arab world. Only 14 studies were identified in the literature, from 12 Arab countries.
Results The overall estimated prevalence of DDs among preschool children in the Arab world is 27.5%. An analysis of risk factors for DDs showed that child-related, maternal, and family-related factors account for a significant cumulative risk of developing DDs in preschool children. Maternal factors, such as antenatal and perinatal complications, were the most common risk factors.
Conclusion The prevalence of DDs among preschoolers is significantly high in the Arab world, which emphasizes the importance of the early detection and diagnosis of DD, as well as its associated risk factors.
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Purpose Purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing wellness, and provide basic data for development of intervention programs to improve wellness in mothers of children with disabilities.
Methods Participants were 147 mothers of children with disabilities from an elementary school and kindergarten for children with disabilities located in J and C cities in G province. Data were collected from February 24 to April 24, 2015 using questionnaires.
Results Mean scores were 3.24±0.38 of 5 for wellness, 2.40±0.41 of 4 for self-esteem, and 2.87±0.36 of 4 for family function. There were significant differences in wellness according to religion, education, and type of education program for the children. There were positive correlations between self-esteem, family function, social support, and wellness. Factors influencing wellness were self-esteem (β = .450), family function (β = .313), type of education program for the children (β = .140), and religion (β = .127). These factors explained 42.7% of the variance in wellness.
Conclusion Findings show that levels of wellness in these mothers are not sufficient to allow them to care for their children and to maintain their own overall health. Therefore to increase wellness of mothers of children with disabilities, intervention strategies that focus on improving self-esteem and family functioning need to be developed.
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A Predictive Model of Resilience in Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities Youyoung Cho, Hyeonok Kim Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(4): 407. CrossRef
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting depression in mothers of children with disabilities and to identify the relationships between the depression, parenting-stress and self-esteem. METHODS The participants were 100 mothers of children with disabilities lving in G city. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation Coefficients with SPSS/PC+ 21.0. RESULTS There was a significant relationship between depression and parenting stress (p<.001). Depression was negatively correlated with self-esteem (p<.001). Variables affecting depression were parenting-stress, self-esteem and family income. The three factors accounted for 38.7% of the depression. CONCLUSION The results of the study show that parenting-stress and selfesteem are the most significant factors affecting depression. There is an urgent need to develop nursing interventions to reduce levels of depression in mothers of children with disabilities and to help them lead a healthier life.
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PURPOSE This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of questionable development according to developmental screening testing for children, and to explore biological and environmental risk factors of developmental delays. METHOD The study participants were 153 children under two years of age. A questionnaire and Home Observation for measurement of the Environment (HOME) inventory were used to collect data, and Korean Denver II was administered. RESULTS The overall prevalence of questionable development was 11.1%. Significant differences in biological factors between the normal development group and questionable development group were the rate of prematurity, twins, the educational level of mother and father's and the presence of an illness in the mother (p<.10). Maternal acceptance in HOME was significantly different between the two groups. The factors related to questionable development that were significant in the logistic regression analysis were prematurity (OR=3.56, p=.026), and maternal acceptance in HOME score (OR=.629, p=.028). CONCLUSION Early developmental screening tests seem necessary for all children, especially for prematurely born children. Also, child rearing environments were identified as significant factors in the development of all children.
These findings suggest that the HOME scores might be useful in identifying children at risk for developmental delays, and that interventions for these children will probably be more effective if their mothers are helped to provide a more appropriate social environment.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the level stress in rearing children and quality of life of mothers of children with disabilities and to identify the relationship between stress of rearing these children and quality of life of the mothers. METHOD A descriptive, correlational study design was used.
The participants in this study were 225 mothers of children with disabilities. With SPSS, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. RESULTS 1) The mean score for maternal stress in rearing children with disabilities was 3.46, and for quality of life, 2.80. 2) Stress in rearing these children had a negative correlation with quality of life (r=-.761, p=.000).
CONCLUSION: It is suggested that intervention programs to decrease the stress of rearing these children and increase the quality of life should be offered to mothers of children with disabilities.
, Lubna Abushaikha
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