Purpose Hybrid simulation has emerged to increase the practicality of simulation training by combining simulators and standardized patient (SP) that implement realistic clinical environments at a high level. This study aimed to develop a hybrid simulation program focused on case of pediatric cardiac catheterization and to evaluate its effectiveness. Methods: The hybrid simulation program was developed according to the Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate (ADDIE) model. And deep learning-based analysis program was used to analyze non-verbal communication with SP and applied it for debriefing sessions. To verify the effect of the program, a quasi-experimental study using a random assignment design was conducted. In total, 48 nursing students (n=24 in the experimental group; n=24 in the control group) participated in the study.
Results Knowledge (F=3.53, p=.038), confidence in clinical performance (F=9.73, p<.001), and communication self-efficacy (F=5.20, p=.007) showed a significant difference in both groups and interaction between time points, and the communication ability of the experimental group increased significantly (t=3.32, p=.003).
Conclusion Hybrid simulation program developed in this study has been proven effective, it can be implemented in child nursing education. Future research should focus on developing and incorporating various hybrid simulation programs using SP into the nursing curriculum and evaluating their effectiveness.
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Purpose Nursing students are susceptible to medication safety incidents in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) related to a lack of communication experience. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of a NICU medication safety simulation (NMSS) focusing on communication clarity, patient hand-off confidence, and patient safety competency in senior-year nursing students.
Methods The study utilized a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. In total, 60 nursing students were assigned to two groups. The experimental group participated in the NMSS, which included three medication error scenarios. Pairs of students completed the scenarios together in 10 to 20 minutes. Data were analyzed using the chi-squared test, independent t test, and ANCOVA.
Results The experimental group showed significant improvements in communication clarity (p=.015), and patient safety competency (p<.001) compared to the control group. Using the pretest values as covariates, patient hand-off confidence scores significantly increased (p=.027).
Conclusion Implementing the NMSS focusing on communication in the pediatric nursing curriculum helped students to communicate clearly and concisely about medication errors, and its use is recommended to promote patient safety competency in the NICU.
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Purpose This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the quality of nursing care as perceived by mothers of hospitalized children and provide basic data for the development of nursing care quality improvement programs.
Methods The participants consisted of 167 mothers, each of whom had a child hospitalized at a specific children's hospital. Data were collected from June 22 to August 8, 2019.
Results The factors that affected how mothers perceived the quality of nursing care were the communication ability of nurses (β=.44, p<.001) and the mother-nurse partnership (β=.33, p=.001). The total explanatory power of these factors was 54.1%.
Conclusion To improve the quality of pediatric nursing care, it is necessary to improve the communication abilities of nurses and to promote partnership between nurses and the mothers of hospitalized children.
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Purpose This study investigated the practices of preventing infectious diseases by daycare center teachers. The focus was on the mediating effects of self-efficacy in the relationship between communication skills and practices of preventing infectious diseases.
Methods This study used a descriptive correlational design. The participants were 164 daycare center teachers. Hierarchical regression was used to test the mediating effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between communication skills and practices of preventing infectious diseases. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression. The mediation effect was analyzed using an SPSS Macro program, PROCESS.
Results Significant relationships were found between communication skills and practices of preventing infectious diseases (β=.19, p<.001), self-efficacy and practices of preventing infectious diseases (β=.59, p<.001), and communication skills and self-efficacy (β=.27, p<.001). Self-efficacy had a significant mediating effect (β=.17, 95% confidence interval=0.07~0.29) on practices of preventing infectious diseases.
Conclusion In order to improve practices of preventing infectious diseases among daycare teachers, it is necessary to develop and apply interventions and methods that can increase effective communication skills and self-efficacy.
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Purpose This study aimed to characterize the relationship between parental stress and nurses’ communication as perceived by parents of high-risk newborns in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods The participants were 54 parents of high-risk newborns in a NICU. Data were collected from January to March 2018. Parental stress and parents’ perceptions of nurses’ communication ability and styles were measured using a questionnaire.
Results The average scores for parental stress and nurses’ communication ability were 3.39 and 4.38 respectively, on a 5-point scale. Parents most commonly reported that nurses showed a friendly communication style, followed by informative and authoritative styles. Mothers and fathers reported significantly different levels of parental stress. Parental stress showed a negative correlation with nurses’ perceived verbal communication ability. Higher scores for nurses’ verbal communication ability and for friendly and informative communication styles were associated with lower parental stress induced by the environment, the baby’s appearance and behaviors, and treatments in the NICU.
Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that nurses need to offer proper information for parents and to support parents by encouraging them to express their emotions of stress and by providing parents with therapeutic communication and opportunities to participate in care.
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Methods The participants were 118 3rd and 4th grade students from 3 elementary schools in 3 cities in Korea. Data were collected using questionnaires which included measurement scales for the relative variables and demographic data. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchial regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 21.0.
Results The significant predictors of maturity fears were weight, father-child communication, frequency of maturity communication with father, and close relation with mother.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to analyze metacommunicative episodes comprised of nurses' metacommunicative behavior and children's responses occurring in the dyads of nurse-child within the context of an inpatient pediatric unit. METHODS Twelve dyads of nurses and children were videotaped for four hours each day over a two-day period as they interacted with each other on the inpatient unit. The metacommunicative episodes were recorded from the videotapes. The metacommunicative behavior was categorized within Shin's metacommunicative behaviors. RESULTS The total number of episodes between the nurses and children included in this study was 242. The most frequently used metacommunicative behavior was 'reflection', followed by tagging, baby talk, approaching, mediating eye level, friendly demand, encouraging, description of acts, symbolization, turnabouts, touching, and mimic voice, respectively. The most common response to the nurses' metacommunicative behavior was agreeing, followed by tension release. CONCLUSION Young children responded positively to metacommunicative behavior by the nurses. Understanding metacommunicative behavior may help nurses approach their young patients more easily and with confidence.
PURPOSE This study was done to examine the relationship between sexual permissiveness, family function and parent-adolescent communication among adolescents. METHOD A descriptive correlation approach was used and the participants were 956 male and female students. Data were collected by questionnaire survey using convenience sampling. The instruments were the Family APGAR Questionnaire by Smilkstein(1978), PAC by Olson and Barnes(1982), and the Premarital Sexual Permissiveness Questionnaire by Reiss(1967). Data were analyzed using the SPSS 10.0 program with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, and ANOVA. RESULTS Family function was significant according to school record, economic status, living arrangement of parent.
Parent-Adolescent Communication was significant according to religion, economic status, having a boy/girl friend, and experience of sexual intercourse. Sexual permissiveness was significant for all except economic status. Correlation among the variables showed that parent-adolescent communication was negatively correlated to sexual permissiveness(r=-.127, p=.000) and positively to family function(r=.368, p=.000). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that parent-adolescent communication and family function are associated with sexual permissiveness, and the findings of this study are expected to make a contribution to creating an ideal sexual culture for youth.
The purpose of this study was to find out the correlations between mother-adolescent communication and quality of life in the adolescents. The study subjects consisted of 171 adolescents who were going to middle school and high school.
The data included general characteristics, health related characteristics, stress, mother-adolescent communication and quality of life. The data were analyzed by frequency, mean, percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation using the SPSS statistical program. The result were as follows: 1.
The mean score for the stress of adolescent was 2.48(maximum score: 5) and there were significant difference according to demographic variables that is sex, grade, father's being and health related variables that is health status, frequently ill, illness severity and illness of family. 2. The mean score for the mother-adolescent communication was 3.27(maximum score : 5) and there were significant difference according to demographic variables that is father's and mother's being. There were no significant difference according to any health related variables. 3. The mean score for the quality of life of adolescent was 3.97(maximum score : 7) and there were no significant difference according to demographic and health related variables. 4. There was a negative correlation between the stress and the quality of life. There was a positive correlation between the quality of life and the mother-adolescent communication. There was a no correlation between the mother-adolescent communication and the quality of life. Consequently, the implication for nursing of this study is that there is a need to develop relief strategy of stress for the female adolescents. And there is a need to develop a promoting program of quality of life for the adolescents considering the stress and the mother-adolescent communication.
The purpose of this study was to examine the stressors, coping styles , communication with mother, school adaptation and predictors for school adaptation. The subjects of this study consisted of 354 children. They were 6th grade of elementary school in Taegu city. The periods of study was from march 10, to march 18, 2000. Data were analyzed by SAS computer programme. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mean score for stressor was 39.91 in children(range 24-72). The higher stressor among three subgroups of stressor was mass media stressor. The degree of stressor revealed to be influenced significantly economic status.
2. The most frequently used coping style was problem-oriented coping style(M=18.94) in children. The degree of emotion-oriented coping style revealed to be influenced significantly family's atmosphere 3.The mean score for communication with mother was 72,44 in children(range 20- 100). The degree of communication with mother revealed to be influenced significantly sex, economic status, family' atmosphere. 4. The mean score for school adaptation was 62.48 in children(range 25-100). The higher school adaptation among five subgroup was rule dimension.
The degree of school adaptation revealed to be influenced significantly sex, birth, mother's job, economic status, family's atmosphere. 5. School adaptation were positively correlated with communication with mother, problem- oriented coping style(r=0.40 p < 0.001) (r=0.30 p < 0.001). 6. School adaptation were negatively correlated with emotion-oriented coping style, stressor (r=-0.16 p < 0.01)(r=-0.13 p < 0.01).
7. Forward multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor was the variable communication with mother accounted for 15.25% in school adaptation. All variables accounted for 25.55% in school adaptation. From the above results, it can be concluded that teaching mother about importance of communication, encouraging to use problem- oriented coping style is necessary to improve school adaptation in 6th grade elementary school children.
This study was conducted to measure the degree of Korean Gender Egalitarianism among the students from six different high schools(132 girls, 127 boys) in Sunchon si, Chunnam province from Dec. 7th to Dec. 15th in 1999. The survey on gender egalitarianism was done in relation to the public understanding of the subject matter, parents' hug times, and parent's communication skills. Korean gender egalitarianism scale was standardized by Korea Woman Developmental Institutes in 1999. The data was analyzed by SAS program. Results were as follows: 1) Generally, girls are more conscious of gender egalitariannism than boys(t=-13.79, p < .001). Above all, the younger the students are, the more they feel equal(F=8.01, p < .01). In sibling cases, two sisters have the highest level of gender egalitarianism while two brothers have the lowest level of gender egalitarianism(F=9.20, p < .001). Students who come from religious families are more inclined to demonstrate gender equality(t= 2.42, p < .05). However, there is no diffrence in relation to the parents' ages or academic background or harmony within the family. 2)There is no difference that girls and boys generally communicate with their parents. In ages, 17 years old students communicate more than 18, 19 with parents(father F=3.97 p < .05?mother F=5.31, p < .01).
That is, the younger students can communicate with their mothers more often than the older ones. In sibling cases, two sisters have more openly communication to parents while two brothers have(F=2.84, p < .05). Students communicate with their parents regardless of parents' academic background. But those from the family in harmony have more open chance to communicate than those who are not in hamony(father F=21.66, p < .001?mother F=13.37, p < .001).
They can comm -unicate with their parents better when their fathers hug them than when they didn't get hugs(father t=-4.76, p < .001? mother t=-2.34, p < .05). They can also communicate with their patents better when their mothers hug them once or more than when they didn't get hugs(father t=-3.78, p < .001?mother t=-5.64, p < .001). 3) There is no diffrence whether the father hugs or not, but the mother's hug is very important because students whose mothers hug them once or more have significantly more gender egalitarianism than those students whose mothers didn't do(t=-3.98, p < .001). Based upon these results, it is recommended that we reconsider the role of gender in the socialization of high school students and also include gender egalitarianism in sex education. In this context, further study should be done for the improvement of students' communication within the framework of egalitarianism based upon parents' hugs(semi-language).
Continued study is especially important in regards to the mother's hug and its enhancement of the students' gender egalitarianism.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of parent- adolescent communication on self-concept and problem behavior of adolescents. METHOD The participants in this study were 480 students from middle schools in Daejeon City. Data were collected from May 19 to 30, 2008 and analyzed using SPSS WIN 14.0 version. RESULT The mean scores for communication with fathers and mothers were 2.98 and 3.35 respectively and for self-concept, 2.80. The highest reported percentage for problem behavior over the past year were going to the noraebang (Karoki) or videobang (PC Cafe) (78.6%).
Significant differences were found for the influence of parent-adolescent communication on self-concept and problem behavior. Communication with fathers and with mothers was positive correlated (r=.365, p<.001). The difference in self-concept for communication with fathers was F=60.40, p<.001, and with mothers, F=51.74, p<.001 and for problem behavior, for communication with fathers, F=3.33, p<.05, and with mothers, F=10.05, p<.001. For self-concept and communication with fathers the correlation was r=.512, p<.001, with mothers, r=.453, p<.001 There was a negative correlation between self-concept and problem behavior(r=-.248, p<.001). CONCLUSION This results suggest that practical parent-adolescent communication programs should be developed and applied to bolster communication of adolescents with their parents.
PURPOSE In this study the effects of Self-Development program on self-esteem and communication in middle school students were examined. METHOD Forty-three middle school students in D City participated in a survey, which was carried out from October to November, 2007. To test the effects of the Self-Development Program, the students were divided into two groups, an experimental group (23) and a control group (20).
The research design used in this study was a nonequivalent control group pre-posttest quasi-experimental research design. The research tools included a self-esteem scale and a communication scale. Chi-square test, paired t-test, and t-test were used to analyze the data with the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Result Significant differences were found in self-esteem scores between the experimental group and the control group.
But there were no significant differences between the two groups on communication scores. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the Self-Development program is a useful nursing intervention for improving the self-esteem of middle school students.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of parent-adolescent communication and depression on suicide ideation in the adolescent population. METHOD The participants for this study were 391 students from two middle schools, one located in Seoul and one in Kyung-gi do Province. A self-report survey was used for data collection, which was carried out from February 8 to 14, 2006. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 11.0 Program. RESULTS The average score for father-adolescent communication was 61.70, and for mother-adolescent communication, 64.04. The average score for depression was 16.01, and for suicide ideation, 8.69. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between suicide ideation and depression. There was a statistically significant reverse correlation between suicide ideation and mother-adolescent communication, and between suicide ideation and father-adolescent communication.
Mother-adolescent communication and depression account for 46.4% of variance in suicide ideation of adolescents. CONCLUSION According to the results, programs designed to improve parent-adolescent communication and decrease depression should be developed and put into practice to decrease the rate of suicide ideation in adolescents in Korea.
, Hyunju Kang
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