Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify whether individualized distraction intervention using a smart phone affected pre-op anxiety of children.
Methods
This was a nonequivalent control group pre-post test quasi-experimental design. The participants were 30 children in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. In experimental group, a smart phone individualized distraction intervention was given to children from the reception area to the operation room.
Results
For heart rate, there were no statistically significant differences between the experimental group and control group. In the behavioral anxiety response, there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and control group (t = -3.11, p = .003).
Conclusion
The finding suggest that, for pre-op children, the individualized distraction intervention using a smart phone had some significance as a nursing intervention having a positive impact. Such interventions can help pediatric nurses to relieve pre-op anxiety and improve health of children in their care.

Citations

• Intervention to Reduce Anxiety Pre- and Post-Eye Surgery in Pediatric Patients in South Korea: A Preliminary Quasi-Experimental Study
  Hyeran Yi, Hanna Lee
  Children.2022; 9(1): 65.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to provide a critical assessment of evidence-based Korean pediatric research that can inform clinical practicability of, and future research on distraction interventions for pediatric procedural pain management.
METHODS
A critical review of evidence-based Korean pediatric research was conducted. Databases were searched to identify research that included an evaluation of a distraction intervention as an intervention for pediatric procedural pain management. The search yielded 68 studies.
RESULTS
From these studies, 14 were included for this review and all were recently published (2003-2014). Quasi experimental designs were most frequently used (n=12) and for 71.4% the focus was preschoolers. Audiovisual techniques were the most common form of distraction. In most studies clinical utility of the distraction intervention was not examined. Fairly consistent reductions in behavioral measures of pain in association with the distraction intervention were found but less consistent results were found for physiological measures.
CONCLUSION
Lack of methodological rigor limits the evidence for distraction interventions to reduce pain and fear experienced by children during painful procedures. Further research to analyze the cost and time-effectiveness and to identify consumer and provider satisfaction with distraction interventions is needed to determine whether distraction interventions are clinically relevant.

Citations

• Effect of Distraction Intervention for Needle-Related Pain and Distress in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Mi-Kyoung Cho, Mi-Young Choi
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2021; 18(17): 9159.     CrossRef
• RETRACTED: Smartphone Interventions Effect in Pediatric Subjects on the Day of Surgery: A Meta-Analysis
  Li Li, Jianping Ma, Dan Ma, Xiaokang Zhou
  Frontiers in Surgery.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• An Integrative Review of Korean Nursing Studies on Pediatric Tonsillectomy
  Kyoung Eun Yu, Jin Sun Kim
  Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(4): 416.     CrossRef
• Effects of Active and Passive Distraction Intervention on Pain Responses of Preschool Children during Immunization
  Eun-Seon Im, Jin-Sun Kim
  The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2016; 16(12): 102.     CrossRef
• Effects of a Smart Phone Individualized Distraction Intervention on Anxiety in Pre-Op Pediatric Patients
  Kyoung-A Lee, Mi-Kyung Kwon, Hae-Won Kim, Ji-Eun Lim, Chang-Ok Pyo, Chan-Sook Park
  Child Health Nursing Research.2015; 21(2): 168.     CrossRef