Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among parenting role sharing, parenting stress, happiness, and parenting behavior of mothers with 6-year-old children.
Methods
This study used data from the seventh Panel Study of Korean Children, which began collecting longitudinal data on a sample of newborn households nationwide in 2008 and will continue yearly until 2027. The participants were 1,560 mothers of children aged 6 years. We conducted statistical analyses using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression.
Results
The mean age of the mothers was 36.8±3.7 years. The mothers' perceived parenting role sharing (r=.07, p=.007), parenting stress (r=-.54, p<.001), and happiness (r=.38, p<.001) were significantly correlated with warm parenting behavior. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that parenting stress (β=-.47, p<.001), happiness (β=.15, p<.001), and parenting role sharing (β=.11, p<.001) were significant predictors for warm parenting behavior by mothers.
Conclusion
It is essential to reduce mothers' stress and increase their positive emotions (happiness). Fathers should actively share parenting roles in raising children to enhance mothers' warm parenting behavior.

Citations

• Relationship Satisfaction in Relation to Gender Essentialism and Gender Equality Views
  Dorottya Ocsenás, Judit Kovács
  Marriage & Family Review.2026; 62(2): 166.     CrossRef
• Longitudinal Associations Between Child and Family Factors With Korean Children’s Subjective Happiness Before and During COVID-19 in Late Childhood
  Jungtae Choi
  Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolesc.2026; 37(2): 115.     CrossRef
• Parenting, Peer Relationships, and School Adaptation’s Influence on Self-Perception in Adolescents with Chronic Atopic Disease
  YeoJin Im, Sunyoung Jung, Eunjung Kim, YoungAh Park
  International Archives of Allergy and Immunology.2025; 187(1): 11.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to examine the relationships among the perceptions and practice of taegyo (a traditional set of practices and beliefs related to healthy fetal development) and maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women.
Methods
The participants were 136 pregnant women who visited a public health center or maternity hospital for prenatal care. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of varience, and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS version 22.0.
Results
The mean age of the pregnant women was 32.24±3.99 years. The mean scores for perceptions of taegyo, practice of taegyo, and maternal-fetal attachment were 3.96±0.53, 3.74±0.64, and 3.94±0.49, respectively. Perceptions of taegyo were significantly correlated with the practice of taegyo (r=.72, p<.001), and maternal-fetal attachment (r=.55, p<.001). A significant correlation was also found between the practice of taegyo and maternal-fetal attachment (r=.65, p<.001).
Conclusion
Perceptions of taegyo affected the practice of taegyo, and had a positive effect on maternal-fetal attachment. These findings suggest that primary care nurses at hospitals and public health centers should provide nursing intervention programs to improve the perceptions of taegyo, the practice of taegyo, and maternal-fetal attachment.

Citations

• Influencing Factors and Consequences of Maternal-Fetal Attachment among Pregnant Women in East Asia: A Scoping Review
  Eungil Ko, Yaelim Lee
  Journal of Transcultural Nursing.2026; 37(1): 110.     CrossRef
• Effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal symptoms, anthropometric measurements, and breastfeeding duration in infants with colic: a randomized control trial
  Aysu Yıldız Karaahmet, Gülümser Dolgun, Metehan Özen
  Sao Paulo Medical Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Relation between Mother’s Taekyo, Prenatal and Postpartum Depression, and Infant’s Temperament and Colic: A Longitudinal Prospective Approach
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Insook Lee, Sungjae Kim, Yunjeong Yi, Iksoo Huh, Sang-Youn Jang, Dasom Kim, Sujin Lee
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2020; 17(20): 7691.     CrossRef