Purpose
Education on infant safe sleep practices has been known to reduce the risk of sleep-related sudden unexpected infant death. Since sleep environments may vary across sociocultural contexts, infant safe sleep education needs to reflect specific sociocultural settings. This study aimed to develop an educational Protocol for Infant Safe Sleep (PISS) for primary caregivers in Korea that considers parenting behaviors and cultural characteristics.
Methods
This study was conducted in three key methodological steps: (1) retrieval, defining, and systematic classification of PISS content; (2) the structural formulation of the content as an educational protocol; and (3) content validation. For the first step, a literature review was conducted, along with an analysis of educational materials from institution websites related to infant safe sleep and online parenting communities. Field observations were also conducted to identify relevant Korean culture characteristics. Based on these findings, the PISS was developed. Content validity index was assessed by six professionals, and the results were reflected into the educational program.
Results
The PISS intervention provided an educational video and booklet and enhanced learning via phone counseling and educational kit, which comprised an illustrated safe sleep sticker and a calendar-style activity diary. The educational content consisted of (1) sleep location, (2) sleep position, (3) bedding, (4) clothes and temperature, and (5) other considerations.
Conclusion
This study developed the PISS, an intangible educational intervention based on Korean sociocultural characteristics and specific guidelines for primary caregivers. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of this program in promoting safe sleep practices.

Purpose
Adolescent self-harm is a public health problem. Research suggests a link between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and self-destructive behaviors. Few studies, however, have examined the effects of ACEs on self-harm among Asian adolescents. This study explored the association between lifetime ACEs and a history of self-harm among Korean children and adolescents in elementary, middle, and high schools.
Methods
A cross-sectional, retrospective medical record review was conducted on a dataset of a national psychiatrist advisory service for school counselors who participated in the Wee Doctor Service from January 1 to December 31, 2020. The data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression to predict self-harm.
Results
Student cases (n=171) were referred to psychiatrists by school counselors for remote consultation. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that the odds of self-harm were higher among high school students (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=4.97; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.94-12.76), those with two or more ACEs (aOR=3.27; 95% CI=1.43-7.47), and those with depression (aOR=3.06; 95% CI=1.32-7.10).
Conclusion
The study's findings provide compelling evidence that exposure to ACEs can increase vulnerability to self-harm among Korean students. Students with a history of ACEs and depression, as well as high school students, require increased attention during counseling. School counselors can benefit from incorporating screening assessment tools that include questions related to ACEs and depression. Establishing a systematic referral system to connect students with experts can enhance the likelihood of identifying self-harm tendencies and offering the essential support to prevent self-harm.

Citations

• The Gender Distribution and Association between Sociodemographic Factors and Hospital-Presenting Self-Injury: Analysis from the Korea National Hospital Discharge In-Depth Injury Survey
  Meekang Sung, S. V. Subramanian, Rockli Kim
  Archives of Suicide Research.2026; 30(1): 131.     CrossRef
• Gender Differences in Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review
  Ji Yeon Lee, Ick-Joong Chung, Yoo jung Nam
  Child Indicators Research.2026; 19(1): 35.     CrossRef
• Adverse childhood experiences and health-related outcomes in early adulthood: Evidence from the Korean Welfare Panel Study
  Changyong Choi, Joshua P. Mersky
  Children and Youth Services Review.2025; 170: 108158.     CrossRef
• Global burden of all cause-specific injuries among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2019: a prospective cohort study
  Cong Li, Jinghua Jiao, Guangyao Hua, Gantugs Yundendorj, Shunming Liu, Honghua Yu, Lijun Zhang, Xiaohong Yang, Lei Liu
  International Journal of Surgery.2024; 110(4): 2092.     CrossRef

Purpose
A tobacco-free campus (TFC) is the most advanced tobacco-control policy for college campuses, but it has rarely been explored in Korea. This study aimed to explore Korean college students’ attitudes toward TFC and related factors.
Methods
This cross-sectional descriptive study enrolled college students who were taking an elective course on smoking cessation and a healthy lifestyle at a university located in Incheon, Korea. Data were collected from March 1 to December 31, 2019 using a structured questionnaire, and study participants were recruited using convenience sampling.
Results
Data on 309 college students were analyzed. Of those participants, 6.1% supported the TFC policy. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=5.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.47-22.95), taking the course to quit smoking oneself (aOR=11.03, 95% CI=1.04-117.05), anxiety in the past month (aOR=4.27, 95% CI=1.06-17.31), and being a current smoker (aOR=0.06, 95% CI=0.01-0.70) were statistically significant independent predictors of TFC support.
Conclusion
Women, students taking the course to quit smoking themselves, nonsmokers, and students who felt anxious in the past month were more likely to support TFC. Further research with more representative samples is required to examine the characteristics of people who favor TFC.

Citations

• Tobacco-free university campus policies: A systematic review
  Diane Geindreau, Anne Girault, Karine Gallopel-Morvan
  Journal of American College Health.2025; 73(8): 3107.     CrossRef
• Breaking new ground in tobacco control: student reactions to France’s first smoke-free campus
  Karine Gallopel-Morvan, Etienne Gnonlonfin, Jocelyn Raude, Janet Hoek, Nicolas Sirven
  BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• What are the effects of smoke-free and tobacco-free university campus policies, and how can they be assessed? A systematic review
  Etienne Gnonlonfin, Diane Geindreau, Karine Gallopel-Morvan
  Journal of Epidemiology and Population Health.2024; 72(2): 202520.     CrossRef

Purpose
Sudden unexplained infant death (SUID) is a major contributor to infant mortality, and pediatric nurses have the responsibility to educate parents on SUID-reducing strategies. This study was conducted to measure pediatric nurses' knowledge of SUID-related safe sleep practices (K-SSSP) and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation (K-ICPR).
Methods
In total, 136 pediatric nurses were administered a survey including K-SSSP (13 items), K-ICPR (5 items), confidence in K-SSSP education (1 item; 5 points), and other factors relating to SUID experiences or education.
Results
The correct answer rates of the K-SSSP and K-ICPR were 62.6% and 62.5%, retrospectively. The mean score for confidence in K-SSSP education was 2.6±0.9. Only 18 nurses (13.2%) responded that they educated parents on the content of the K-SSSP, while 76 nurses had received education on SUID. Positive relationships were observed between K-SSSP scores and higher education, between K-ICPR scores and having own child(ren) and clinical experience, and between confidence in K-SSSP education and higher education or having one's own child(ren). Nurses caring for newborns performed more SUID education than nurses working in other units.
Conclusion
There is a profound need to implement a systemic educational program on SUID and strategies to reduce SUID for pediatric nurses.

Citations

• Development of an educational intervention program for infant safe sleep practices in Korea: a methodological study
  Jung Ae Cho, Young Mee Ahn, Min Sohn, Ok Kyung Ham, Min Kyung Lim, Hyun Young Koo
  Child Health Nursing Research.2026; 32(1): 16.     CrossRef
• An Evidence‐Based Safe Sleep Program Is Associated With Less Infant Sleep‐Related Deaths
  Marilyn Stringer, Jessica Lazzeri, Nicholas A. Giordano, Rosemary C. Polomano, Elizabeth Quigley, Bonnie Renner Ohnishi, Marianne Fray, Elizabeth Dunlevey, Roy Hoffman, Lori Christ
  Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Promoting infant safe sleep practices among neonatal and paediatric nurses through simulation-based training program
  Mahitab Mohamed Abdelrahman, Reham Hashem, Lareen Magdi El-Sayed Abo-Seif
  Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2024; 77: e474.     CrossRef
• Educational Boost Slashes SIDS Risk Awareness Gap Among Nurses in Iraq
  Safa Ahmed Mohammed, Afifa Radha Aziz
  Academia Open.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Assessment of Nurses' Performance Regarding Infant Sleep Position on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome at Neonatal Intensive Care Units
  Ali Soliman A.S., Abd-Elmonem H.H., Ismail S.S.
  African Journal of Health, Nursing and Midwifery.2022; 5(2): 55.     CrossRef
• Survey of Korean daycare personnel on safe sleep practices related to sudden unexplained infant death: a cross-sectional exploratory study
  Young Mee Ahn, Jung Ae Cho
  Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(4): 299.     CrossRef

Purpose
Study purpose was to describe the child safety injury experiences, injury prevention behaviors and educational needs of immigrant Vietnamese women on Jeju Island, and to explore associations among those factors.
Methods
A descriptive correlational study was conducted using structured questionnaires to collect data from immigrant Vietnamese women who visited a multicultural centers on Jeju Island from January to April, 2017.
Results
Data from 60 women were analyzed. They were 28.2±5.5 years old, had resided in Korea for 40.6±31.1 months, and had 1.5±0.6 children on average. In total, 51.7% had previous injury prevention education, 68.2% had experienced child safety injuries, and 95.0% wanted to receive education on how to prevent child safety injuries. The mean total score of child injury prevention behaviors was 27.33±17.79, and that variable was associated with a longer duration of formal education (t=2.41, p=.021) and with women’s experiences of child safety injury (t=5.97, p<.001).
Conclusion
Immigrant Vietnamese women experienced a higher frequency of child safety injuries and needed educational opportunities to prevent these injuries. Further research is necessary to develop the essential content and effective methods for education on child safety injury prevention among this unique multicultural population.

Citations

• A Phenomenological Study on Vietnamese Immigrant Mothers Married to Koreans’ Parenting Experience in Preventing Infant Accidents and Injuries
  Mi-Seon Kim, Mi Hye Kim, Sunhwa Park
  Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2025; 36: 99.     CrossRef

Purpose
The study was conducted to measure stratum corneum hydration (SCH) and pH (SCP) in high-risk newborns in the early postnatal period and to explore the features related to patterns of change in those parameters.
Methods
SCH and SCP were measured on the dorsal hand in 99 hospitalized newborns during the first 14 days of life and the results were analyzed using a general linear model.
Results
The mean hydration was 42.9% on day 1, which decreased to 34.6% by 2 weeks (F=15.61, p=<.001). An association was observed between SCH and prematurity (F=21.12, p<.001), as well as for their interaction (F=8.11, p<.001). The mean SCP was 6.2±0.3 on day 1, and decreased to 5.7±0.2 (F=95.75, p<.001), with no association with prematurity. After adjusting for birth weight, SCH was higher in newborns with vaginal delivery (F=9.07, p=.023) and who received phototherapy (F=11.81, p=.011). For SCP, only delivery type had a significant influence (F=6.40, p=.044).
Conclusion
This study suggests that SCH is typically in the 30% range during the early postnatal period, and that an acid mantle on the SC surface is very unlikely to form; these findings could be applied to the nursing process for promoting skin integrity in high-risk neonates.

Citations

• The Effect of Sunflower Seed and Almond Oil on Preterm Infant Skin: A Randomized Controlled Trial
  Seda Caglar, Gizem Kerimoglu Yildiz, Ilkay Bakoglu, Ozgul Salihoglu
  Advances in Skin & Wound Care.2020; 33(8): 1.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to measure adiposity and to investigate related factors in preschoolers born prematurely.
Methods
A longitudinal follow-up study was conducted with 52 preschoolers at 5 years of corrected age among 343 preterm infants. Their adiposity status was evaluated based on measurements of body mass index, subscapular and triceps skin fold thickness (SFT), waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, and mid-arm circumference at a home visit.
Results
The findings showed that SFT measurements, particularly at the triceps, reflected the degree of adiposity more accurately than other conventional measures. A shorter gestation, older maternal age, and the mother having more years of formal education were associated with higher levels of adiposity in the preschoolers.
Conclusion
The adiposity of children born prematurely needs to be thoroughly monitored with additional SFT measurements, considering the risk of accelerated growth patterns overriding regular catch-up growth in children born prematurely.

Purpose
Maintaining body temperature is a key vital function of human beings, but little is known about how body temperature of high-risk infants is sustained during early life after birth. The aim of this study was to describe hypothermia in high-risk infants during their first week of life and examine demographic, environmental, and clinical attributors of hypothermia.
Methods
A retrospective longitudinal study was done from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015. Medical records of 570 high-risk infants hospitalized at Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) of a university affiliated hospital were examined. Body temperature and related factors were assessed for seven days after birth.
Results
A total of 336 events of hypothermia (212 mild and 124 moderate) occurred in 280 neonates (49.1%) and most events (84.5%) occurred within 24 hours after birth. Logistic regression analysis revealed that phototherapy (aOR=0.28, 95% CI=0.10-0.78), Apgar score at 5 minute (aOR=2.20, 95% CI=1.17-4.12), and intra-uterine growth retardation or small for gestational age (aOR=3.58, 95% CI=1.69-7.58) were statistically significant contributors to hypothermia.
Conclusion
Findings indicate that high-risk infants are at risk for hypothermia even when in the NICU. More advanced nursing interventions are necessary to prevent hypothermia of high-risk infants.

Citations

• Hypothermia in Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants After NICU Admission
  Seungjin Lee, Young Hwa Jung, Sun-Mi Chae
  Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nurs.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Using a Plastic Drape to Reduce Hypothermia in Premature Neonates During Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Placement
  Huong (Kelle) T. Phan, Teresa M. McIntyre
  Advances in Neonatal Care.2022; 22(3): 193.     CrossRef

Purpose
A longitudinal study was conducted to explore flora colonization and oral glucose high-risk newborns during the first 7 days after birth.
Methods
Oral secretions of hospitalized newborns were obtained for microbial cultures and glucose test at days 1-7 after birth.
Results
Among the total 112 newborns, 40% were girls and 73% were premature. Mean gestational age was 34.4±3.2 weeks and weight was 2,266±697.5 grams. The most common flora included Streptococcus (28.2%), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, 10.9%), Staphylococcus (6.0%), and Coagulase- Negative Staphylococcus (CNS, 4.0%). The average oral glucose level was 29.2±23.0 mg/dL~58.2±39.5 mg/dL. Newborns with higher oral glucose than serum (crude odds ratio [ORc] =1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.03-2.97), phototherapy (ORc=3.30; 95% CI=2.29-4.76) and prone position (ORc= 2.04; 95% CI=1.13-3.69) were more likely to be colonized. Having oral tubes (ORc=0.42; 95% CI=0.29-0.59), parental nutrition (ORc=0.21; 95% CI=0.13-0.32) and antibiotics (ORc=0.51; 95% CI=0.36-0.73) had protective effects. For oral glucose statistical significances existed on time effect among newborns with Streptococcus (F=9.78, p=.024), MRSA (F=7.60, p=.037) or CNS (F=11.15, p=.019) and interaction between time and colonization among newborns with all of four flora (F=2.73, p=.029) or colonization with only Staphylococcus (F=2.91, p=.034).
Conclusion
High-risk newborns develop flora colonization at an early period of life. Their clinical features were associated with types and time of oral flora colonization. They need close monitoring and multifaceted intervention to improve oral environment and infection control.

Citations

• Glucose and pH of Oral Secretions in Newborns
  Namhee Kim, Youngmee Ahn
  Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(3): 353.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to describe health in optimal fitness (HOF) in young children born prematurely and to analyze factors affecting HOF in health status, investment resources, and anthropological values, based on HOF theory.
Methods
A case-control study of 76 children with preterm births (PTB) was conducted at 24 to 42 months of corrected age. Their HOF status was evaluated based on height, weight, head circumference, and the Korean-Bayley Scale of Infant Development-II and classified as either HOF-achieved or HOF-uncertain in the domain of growth, development, and all together.
Results
For growth, development, and all, 26.3%, 27.6%, and 47.4% of children, respectively, belonged to the HOF-uncertain group. Logistic regression analysis showed that longer length of hospital stay (≥21 days; OR=7.8; 95% CI [1.5, 40.5]), worse scores on the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) (≥38; OR=0.1; 95% CI [0.0, 0.4]), having a working mother, (OR=5.7; 95% CI [1.2, 27.6]), and an older mother (≥35 years; OR=8.8; 95% CI [2.1, 37.3]) were statistically significant contributors of HOF-uncertain in the domain of all.
Conclusion
Findings show that young children born prematurely with prolonged stays in a neonatal intensive care unit and insufficient socioeconomic resources at home are more likely to exhibit delayed growth and development.

Citations

• Cognitive Ability and Related Factors in Preschoolers Born Prematurely
  Young Mee Ahn, Sangmi Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(4): 468.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify international students’ use of university health centers by individual characteristics and seasons.
Methods
This was a retrospective descriptive study using data obtained from the electronic record system of one university health center. The study participants were international undergraduate students who registered for any of two semesters between March 1, 2014 and February 28, 2015 and visited the university health center during their registration period.
Results
The most common reasons for visits were problems of head, eye, nose and throat systems, followed by respiratory system. Their visits mostly occurred in the fall and spring. The most frequently used services were distribution of oral medication followed by wound treatment. The number of visits per individual was statistically different by gender (u = -3.307, p = .001), but not by their major (χ² = .543, p = .762) or nationality (χ² = 5.518, p = .271).
Conclusion
Further study is necessary to better define health needs and related factors for this unique population. The electronic record system provides great opportunities in development and application of need based health services for international students and for research in this area.

Citations

• Revisiting the Andersen Model: Transnational Ties With the Home Country and Healthcare Utilization Among Chinese International Students in South Korea
  Sou Hyun Jang, Yong Jeong Yi
  Sage Open.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Effects of Foreign Students Perceived Social Support and Grit on Adaptation to College Life: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Learning Flow and Academic Achievement
  Wei HONG, Yang LI, Jin-Ho CHO
  THE JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCA.2023; 35(1): 33.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to describe the subjective happiness and satisfaction with life of children with type 1 diabetes and explore related factors.
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used and the study was conducted with children at a diabetes camp. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire to explore positive and negative psychological factors. The questionnaire included Subjective Happiness Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and General Self-Efficacy Scale.
Results
Data from 15 children were used for data analysis. The correlational analysis results showed that subjective happiness was positively correlated satisfaction with life, social support, and self-efficacy, and was negatively correlated with perceived stress. Satisfaction with life was positively correlated social support, and was negatively correlated with perceived stress.
Conclusion
Results indicate that the positive psychology factors were closely related with social support and self-efficacy and may alleviate perceived stress and depressive feelings. Therefore, researchers and clinicians should include positive psychological factors in their health management model for children with chronic illness.

Citations

• The mediating effect of subjective oral health status on the relationship between subjective masticatory function, happiness, and quality of life among geriatric patients with diabetes based on the 2024 Community Health Survey Data
  Ye-Eun Shim, Seung-Eun Lee
  Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2026; 43(1): 133.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing quality of life in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study in South Korea
  Hye-Ryeon Park, So-Yeon Park
  Belitung Nursing Journal.2025; 11(3): 357.     CrossRef
• Process of Diabetes Management in Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes
  Hyung-Eun Seo, Miyoung Kim, Eun-Young Doo, Jihye Choi
  Western Journal of Nursing Research.2020; 42(4): 278.     CrossRef
• Tell Me A Story: Promoting resiliency in military children with a bibliotherapy intervention
  Katherine Marie Conover
  Nursing Forum.2020; 55(3): 439.     CrossRef
• Blood Glucose Control and Related Factors at a Camp for Korean Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
  Narae Kang, Jieun Lee, Dong-Ho Park, Soo-Kyung Lee, So-Young Nam, Sanghyun Lee, Mincheol Kim, Heesook Kang, Euiyeon Kim, Misoon Kim, Min Sohn
  Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing.2018; 41(1): 58.     CrossRef
• Family quality of life among families of children with atopic dermatitis
  Hae Ji Jang, Seonyeong Hwang, Youngmee Ahn, Dae Hyun Lim, Min Sohn, Jeong Hee Kim
  Asia Pacific Allergy.2016; 6(4): 213.     CrossRef

Purpose
The study purposes were to explore school nurses’ experience, perceived barriers, and education needs in diabetes management at school.
Methods
This study was a cross sectional study and the study participants were recruited conveniently at continuing education seminars for school nurses at Incheon Metropolitan City.
Results
Data for 101 school nurses were analyzed. The nurses were all women and their mean age was 46.9±9.3 years. About 66% of them had experience with children with diabetes at school. The school nurses reported that 74.6% of the students tested their blood glucose by themselves, the school clinic was the most common place for blood glucose tests (47.8%) and insulin injections (50.8%) and the nurses knew students’ diagnosis through the student health survey (58.2%). About half of the nurses (53.7%) reported that glucagon should be available at school and 49.2% were willing to inject glucagon when necessary. The most frequently reported barrier in diabetes management was role confusion (6.0±1.3) and the most common educational need was emergency responses (5.9±1.4).
Conclusions
School health policy for diabetes management and diabetes resources are necessary to minimize role confusion of school nurses, improve emergency response, and facilitate health promotion activities in diabetes management.

Citations

• Navigating Role Challenges in School Healthcare Partnerships With Families: A Qualitative Study
  Ju-Yeon Uhm, Seok-Yeong Hong, Yangmi Kim
  Western Journal of Nursing Research.2026; 48(2): 121.     CrossRef
• School nurses' competency in supporting students with type 1 diabetes: A mixed methods systematic review
  Ju-Yeon Uhm, Suhee Kim
  Nurse Education Today.2025; 146: 106554.     CrossRef
• Perception and utilisation of information and communication technology (ICT) in the management of diabetes in children: Insights from health students in Indonesia
  Mustamu Cherry
  Scripta Medica.2024; 55(1): 33.     CrossRef
• An Integrated Review of Health Care in Child and Adolescent Cancer Survivors Based on Roy’s Adaptation Model
  Hye Jin Kim, Eunjoo Lee
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2024; 24(2): 82.     CrossRef
• Educational needs of school health teachers caring for students with type 1 diabetes: An analysis using the Borich needs assessment and the locus for focus models
  Heewon Seok, Ju-Yeon Uhm
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2024; 30(4): 347.     CrossRef
• School Health Teachers as Partners in Diabetes Caring: Maternal Perspectives
  Ju-Yeon Uhm, Mi-Young Choi
  Western Journal of Nursing Research.2023; 45(10): 942.     CrossRef
• Factors Included in T1DM Continuing Education for Korean School Nurses: A Systematic Review
  Eun-Mi Beak, Yeon-Ha Kim
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2021; 18(4): 1620.     CrossRef
• Frequency of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose during the School Day Is Associated with the Optimal Glycemic Control among Korean Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
  Eun Young Joo, Ji-Eun Lee, Hee Sook Kang, Shin Goo Park, Yong Hee Hong, Young-Lim Shin, Min Sohn
  Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2018; 42(6): 480.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
Study purposes were to exam effects of self-care education for children with type 1 diabetes on their diabetes management behaviors and to explore the relationship among diabetes management behaviors, knowledge, self-efficacy and clinical variables.
METHODS
This study was a one group quasi-experimental study. Study participants were children with type 1 diabetes and attended a four hour self-care education of a diabetes camp. Data were collected using structured questionnaires including Diabetes Management Behavior Scale (DMBS), Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center's Brief Diabetes Knowledge Test and Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Self-Management.
RESULTS
The mean age of the participants was 12 (+/-2.3) years. After the education, their DMBS and knowledge improved, but the improvement was not statistically significant (t=1.758, p=.101; t=0.528, p=.606). Two areas of DMBS, daily prevention behaviors and modification of care plan, were associated with study variables. Daily prevention behaviors were associated with duration of diabetes (r=.653, p=.008), HbA1c (r=.563, p=.038) and having a complication (r=-2.788, p=.015). Modification of care plan was associated with age at diagnosis (r=-.552, p=.033).
CONCLUSION
Children with type 1 diabetes could improve some parts of their diabetes management behaviors even after a short diabetes camp.

Citations

• Tecnologias educacionais para familiares e crianças com diabetes tipo 1: revisão de escopo
  Patricia Carli Morgado, Liliane Faria da Silva, Rosane Cordeiro Burla de Aguiar, Juliana Rezende Montenegro Medeiros de Moraes, Tatiane Marinz de Souza Luquez, Euzeli da Silva Brandão, Michelle Darezzo Rodrigues Nunes, Isabelle de Freitas Lopes, Débora Câ
  Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Educational technologies for families and children with type 1 diabetes: a scoping review
  Patricia Carli Morgado, Liliane Faria da Silva, Rosane Cordeiro Burla de Aguiar, Juliana Rezende Montenegro Medeiros de Moraes, Tatiane Marinz de Souza Luquez, Euzeli da Silva Brandão, Michelle Darezzo Rodrigues Nunes, Isabelle de Freitas Lopes, Débora Câ
  Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of Virtual Reality Program on Glycated Hemoglobin, Static and Dynamic Balancing Ability, and Falls Efficacy for Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Yi-Rang Yim, Myung-Haeng Hur
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursi.2023; 30(2): 155.     CrossRef
• Illness Experiences of Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
  Ji Eun Kim, Ilaria Campesi
  Journal of Diabetes Research.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting the Self-Management of Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model
  Hooyun Lee, Eun Kyoung Choi, Heejung Kim, Ho-Seon Kim, Hee-Soon Kim
  Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(2): 234.     CrossRef
• Blood Glucose Control and Related Factors at a Camp for Korean Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
  Narae Kang, Jieun Lee, Dong-Ho Park, Soo-Kyung Lee, So-Young Nam, Sanghyun Lee, Mincheol Kim, Heesook Kang, Euiyeon Kim, Misoon Kim, Min Sohn
  Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing.2018; 41(1): 58.     CrossRef
• School Nurses’ Management for Children and Adolescents with Diabetes
  Heesook Kang, Youngmee Ahn, Ji Eun Lee, Min Sohn
  Child Health Nursing Research.2015; 21(2): 176.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to examine the effects of simulation education integrated with problem based learning (SIM-PBL) on clinical competency and self-efficacy in post operation nursing care for children.
METHODS
This study was a quasi-experimental design. Thirty six students in the third year of a 4-year baccalaureate nursing program were recruited conveniently and assigned to the control or intervention groups using time difference. Students were all in a pediatric nursing clinical practicum. The control group received the regular clinical practicum in a hospital setting. For the intervention group, a SIM-PBL education replaced 150 minutes of their clinical practicum.
RESULTS
The intervention group showed greater improvement in two areas of clinical competency compared with the control group; physical assessment (t=3.019, p=.005) and post operation advice (t=2.428, p=.021). However, no statistically significant differences in improvement in any areas of self-efficacy were found between two groups.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that the SIM-PBL education is effective in improving some areas of clinical competence, but not self-efficacy in post operation nursing care for children. Further study is needed to develop SIM-PBL programs for various clinical topics and evaluate the effectiveness on the learning outcomes.

Citations

• Development and evaluation of a pediatric nursing competency-building program for nursing students in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study
  Hyun Young Koo, Bo Ryeong Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2022; 28(3): 167.     CrossRef
• Effects of Virtual Reality Simulation Program Regarding High-risk Neonatal Infection Control on Nursing Students
  Mi Yu, Miran Yang, Boram Ku, Jon S. Mann
  Asian Nursing Research.2021; 15(3): 189.     CrossRef
• Effects of a Neonatal Nursing Practice Program on Students’ Stress, Self-efficacy, and Confidence
  Yunsoo Kim, Horan Park, Sung Sil Hong, Hee Jin Chung
  Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(3): 319.     CrossRef
• Educating Undergraduate Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Students in Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) Using an Online, Interactive Simulation
  Cathy Koetting, Patricia Freed
  Archives of Psychiatric Nursing.2017; 31(3): 241.     CrossRef
• Effects of Simulation with Problem-based Learning on Care for Patients with Autonomic Dysreflexia
  Ji Eun Park
  The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2017; 20(2): 140.     CrossRef
• Effects of Blended Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Defibrillation E-learning on Nursing Students’ Self-efficacy, Problem Solving, and Psychomotor Skills
  Ju Young Park, Chung Hee Woo, Jae Yong Yoo
  CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing.2016; 34(6): 272.     CrossRef
• Development and Application of Integrated-Simulation Practice Program using Standardized Patients : Caring for Alcoholism with Diabetes Mellitus in the Community
  Gwang-Soon Kang, Younkyoung Kim
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperati.2016; 17(8): 662.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The study purposes were to describe the process of developing the Korean versions of the Six Dimension Scale of Nursing Performance (Six-D) and Student Nurse Stress Index (SNSI) and psychometric evaluation of the two measurements.
METHODS
This was a methodology study using a descriptive cross-sectional design with 51 nursing students in 4th year of university. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach alphas. Construct validity was determined by exploring correlations among Six-D, SNSI, objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), self-efficacy and grade point average (GPA).
RESULTS
Internal consistency reliability of Six-D and SNSI was acceptable with Cronbach's alpha of .95 and .82. Correlation analysis to determine construct validity revealed that Six-D presented positive correlations with OSCE (r=.109~.272) and self-efficacy (r=.005~.161) and negative correlation with GPA (r=-.246~-.394), although all were not statistically significant. SNSI presented all negative correlations with OSCE (r= -.007~-.238), self-efficacy (r=-.246~-.394), and GPA (r=-.092~-.426) and were mostly statistically significant except OSCE.
CONCLUSION
Six-D needs more evidence to confirm validity to predict observed clinical competency and theoretical relationships with self-efficacy and GPA. However, SNSI presented trends of expected relationships with relevant variables. Therefore, further research is recommended in testing validity of Six-D with other student populations.

Citations

• Alarm Fatigue and Nursing Performance Among Hospital Nurses in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study of Indirect Association Through Perceived Stress and Moderating Role of Patient Safety Culture
  Jungmi Kwon, Yoonjoo Kim
  Healthcare.2026; 14(12): 1650.     CrossRef
• Development and psychometric evaluation of Clinical Practice Self-Efficacy Scale for nursing students
  Heejung Choi, Sueun Kim, Harim Jeong
  The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing .2022; 28(3): 236.     CrossRef
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