Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, opinions, competence, and barriers of nurses providing trauma-informed care (TIC) to children in hospitals.
Methods
Data were collected from 198 nurses nationwide using the TIC Provider Survey developed by the Center for Pediatric Traumatic Stress in July, 2024. Descriptive statistics, t tests, and one-way ANOVA were conducted using the IBM SPSS Statistics software (ver. 23.0, IBM Corp.).
Results
Of the 13 items assessing knowledge of TIC, seven had a correct response rate of over 90%. However, the correct response rate for these three items were less than 30%. Regarding opinions on the TIC, more than 90% of participants agreed with five of the seven items. In self-rated competence in providing TIC, they were not competent in responding to a child’s (or parent’s) questions about whether the child is going to die or understanding how traumatic stress may present differently according to developmental stages. The major barriers to providing TIC were time constraints, lack of training, and organizational support. Items with relatively low performance rates were ‘teach parents what to say to their child after a difficult/sick/scary experience, and teach child or parents the specific ways to cope with unpleasant experiences’.
Conclusion
This study suggests that it can contribute to the development of specific guidelines for nurses to effectively apply TIC in pediatric and family nursing practice, emphasizing the need for educational programs to support this implementation.

Citations

• Overcoming Workplace Struggles: The Mediating Role of Trauma‐Informed Climate on Psychological Well‐Being, Emotional Resilience and Job Performance Among Critical Care Nurses
  Haitham Mokhtar Mohamed Abdallah, Mohammed ElSayed Zaky, Shaimaa Mohamed Amin, Eman Yasser Hammouda, Mohamed Hussein Ramadan Atta, Sameer A. Alkubati, Sally Mohammed Farghaly Abdelaliem, Nagwa Ibrahim Mohamed Hamad
  Nursing in Critical Care.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Nurses Regarding Trauma‐Informed Care for Traumatic Injured Patients: A Multicenter Cross‐Sectional Study
  Lingxiao He, Yunting Luo, Jun Chen, Renrong Gong, Dengbin Liao, Lesley Barr
  Journal of Nursing Management.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of first-time mothers regarding digestive health issues in infancy and to examine the utilization of healthcare facilities for such problems.
Methods
Data from 119 first-time mothers of infants under 6 months of age were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted using the SPSS software.
Results
The average correct response rate for first-time mothers’ knowledge of digestive health problems in infancy was 61.9%. The highest correct response rate was observed for infantile colic, while diarrhea had the lowest. Less than 50% of mothers received education on infant digestive health problems across all categories. Among digestive health problems in infancy, diarrhea exhibited the highest rate of healthcare utilization, whereas infantile colic had the lowest. First-time mothers’ knowledge of digestive health problems in infancy varied based on maternal age (t=-3.66, p<.001), education level (t=-2.26, p=.026), and planned pregnancy (t=3.24, p=.002). Moreover, mothers who received education on infant digestive health problems demonstrated better overall knowledge of digestive health problems.
Conclusion
The rate of education regarding digestive health problems during infancy among first-time mothers was < 50%. Furthermore, mothers educated on infant digestive health issues exhibited improved knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to provide appropriate pre-education to primiparous common gastrointestinal health issues in infants.

Purpose
This study investigated participation in and perceptions of antibiotic stewardship among nurses at a children's hospital.
Methods
This descriptive study included 125 nurses working in the inpatient ward, intensive care unit and emergency room of a single tertiary children's hospital. The study measured 14 factors influencing antibiotic stewardship behaviors using the theoretical domains framework. Each factor was analyzed by categorizing it into components (capability, opportunity, and motivation) that have been proposed as influencing factors in the COM-B model of behavior. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to explore differences in antibiotic stewardship behaviors and influencing factors according to general characteristics and the correlation between antibiotic stewardship behaviors and COM-B components.
Results
No statistically significant difference in antibiotic stewardship behaviors was found based on the experience of antibiotic stewardship education or the nursing department. However, significant differences were observed in the perception levels of factors related to antibiotic stewardship behaviors according to the experience of antibiotic stewardship education in skill (physical) (p=.042), knowledge (p=.027), intentions (p=.028), and social influences (p=.010). Additionally, significant differences were observed in perception levels according to the sub-components of the COM-B model, specifically physical capability (p=.042), psychological capability (p=.027), and social opportunity (p=.010).
Conclusion
To expand nurses' involvement and roles in antibiotic stewardship, nurses should acknowledge the significance of appropriate antibiotic use, aiming to enhance the quality of medical care and ensure patient safety. In pursuit of this objective, tailored education aligning with the specific needs and practices of nurses is essential.

Citations

• Evaluation of the Rational Use of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics According to Regulatory Guidelines in Hospitalized Patients: A Descriptive Study
  Alireza Kananinambani, Majid Shohrati, Mahdi Bagheri, Bita Najafian
  Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This study investigated weight status in survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and identified related factors.
Methods
A retrospective review of the electronic medical records of survivors of childhood ALL (n=230) was conducted. We analyzed the survivors' characteristics, including sex, age, weight status at diagnosis, central nervous system involvement, risk classification, length of treatment, radiation therapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Analysis of variance and the chi-squared test were applied to investigate influencing factors.
Results
The weight status distribution was as follows: 23 individuals (10.0%) were classified as underweight, 151 individuals (65.7%) were healthy weight, and 56 individuals (24.3%) were overweight/obese. Age at diagnosis (F=10.03, p<.001), weight status at diagnosis (x2=43.41, p<.001), and risk classification (F=10.98, p=0.027) showed significant differences among the weight status groups. Survivors who were older at diagnosis and those in the very high-risk category had a higher likelihood of experiencing underweight status during their survivorship, while survivors who were overweight/obese at diagnosis were more likely to remain overweight/obese at the time of survival.
Conclusion
Considering the potential health implications related to an unhealthy weight status in survivors of ALL, it is imperative to undertake early identification and implement interventions for at-risk individuals.

Citations

• Early Increase in Weight Is Seen During Treatment for Paediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia—A Retrospective Analysis of Medical Records
  Håkon Endal, Bjørn Helge Handegård, Katrine Nordeng Mellem, Anita Andrejeva, Inga Maria Rinvoll Johannsdottir, Bendik Lund, Trond Flægstad, Inger P. Landsem
  Acta Paediatrica.2025; 114(11): 2935.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to identify clinical characteristics of South Korean pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a children's hospital over the past 5 years, with a specific focus on comparing the features observed between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Additionally, it aimed to examine the nursing diagnoses given to patients.
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of Korean pediatric patients under 18 years of age who were diagnosed with IBD and hospitalized at a children's hospital in Seoul, South Korea, from January 2017 to December 2021.
Results
The number of pediatric patients diagnosed with IBD steadily increased. This finding was particularly prominent for CD patients, the majority of whom were male. Pediatric patients with CD had significantly higher rates of abdominal pain and perianal lesions, while pediatric patients with UC had a higher rate of bloody stool. Laboratory findings indicated that CD patients had higher levels of inflammatory markers and lower albumin levels than UC patients. The nursing diagnoses given during hospitalization mostly related to safety and protection, physical comfort, and gastrointestinal function.
Conclusion
This study provides insights into Korean pediatric IBD patients, enabling early detection and the development of nursing intervention strategies. From a comprehensive perspective, nursing care should not only address patients' physical needs but also their psychosocial needs.

Purpose
This study aimed to examine pediatric hospital nurses' perceptions and performance of family-centered care.
Methods
A descriptive study design was used. This study surveyed 162 nurses who worked at a single tertiary children's hospital in South Korea. The modified Family-Centered Care Scale was used to assess nurses' perceptions and performance of family-centered care. Barriers to the implementation of family-centered care were described in an open-ended format.
Results
Pediatric hospital nurses had a higher score for perceptions (mean score=4.07) than for performance (mean score=3.77). The collaboration subscale had the lowest scores for both perceptions and performance. The perceptions of family-centered care differed significantly according to the nurses’ clinical career in the pediatric unit and familiarity with family-centered care, while performance differed according to clinical career only. Perceptions and performance were positively correlated (r=.594, p<.001). Barriers to implementation included a shortage of nursing personnel, a lack of time, and the absence of a family-centered care system.
Conclusion
To improve the performance of family-centered care, nurses’ perceptions of family-centered care should be improved by offering education programs and active support, including sufficient staffing, and establishing systems within hospitals.

Citations

• Dimensions, challenges, and improvement strategies of family-centered care in emergency pediatric settings: A mixed-methods systematic review
  Arezoo Ghavi, Zohreh Nabizadeh-Gharghozar, Leila Valizadeh, Aydin Feyzi
  Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2026; 86: 300.     CrossRef
• The parent-doctor-child triangle: a structural equation modeling-based study in pediatric outpatient clinics in Indonesia
  Areta Idarto, Ferdi Antonio
  Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(1): 63.     CrossRef
• Development of an atraumatic care education model based on family-centered care to improve maternal behavior in reducing children's stress during hospitalization
  Dera Alfiyanti, Yuni Sufyanti Arief, Ilya Krisnana, Mira Triharini, Arief Yanto
  Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2025; 83: 218.     CrossRef
• Association Between Family Importance in Nursing Care and Parental Satisfaction: A Cross-sectional Study
  Mehdi Mahmoudzadeh, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi, Shohreh Moshfeghi, Behrouz Dadkhah
  Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• การปฏิบัติและอุปสรรคในการดูแลโดยมีครอบครัวเป็นศูนย์กลางของพยาบาลเด็ก
  เพชรสุนีย์ ทั้งเจริญกุล, เต็มดวง บุญเปี่ยมศักดิ์, กิติยากร สร้อยนาค, พุทธสิริ เชื้อสกุล
  Thai Red Cross Nursing Journal.2025; 18(3): 103.     CrossRef
• Impact of Management-Integrated Learning Materials on the Promotion of Child- and Family-Centered Care in Peripheral IV Placement
  Keiko Aizawa, Kyoko Kobayashi, Yuki Yonekura, Chifumi Yoshida, Mika Hirata, Noyuri Yamaji, Hiromi Oku
  Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
• Family-centred care as a mediator in the relationship between parental nurse support and parental stress in neonatal intensive care units
  Ahmed Loutfy, Mohamed Ali Zoromba, Mai Adel Mohamed, Heba Emad El-Gazar, Shaherah Yousef Andargeery, Ahmed Hashem El-Monshed, Corrien Van Belkum, Ahmed Salah Ali
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• “It's challenging but not impossible”: Exploring clinical instructors' experiences of child and family centered care in clinical nursing education
  Mohammad Al-Motlaq
  Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2024; 78: 172.     CrossRef
• Parent Education and Counseling (PairEd-C) Intervention to Improve Family-Centered Care: Protocol for a Prospective Acceptability Study Using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability
  Leul Deribe, Eshetu Girma, Nataliya Lindström, Abdulkadir Gidey, Solomon Teferra, Adamu Addissie
  JMIR Research Protocols.2024; 13: e54914.     CrossRef
• A validity and reliability of the atraumatic care education model questionnaire based on family-centred care in minimising the stress of hospitalisation in children
  Dera Alfiyanti, Arief Sufyanti, Ilya Krisnana, Mira Triharini, Satriya Pranata
  Scripta Medica.2024; 55(5): 537.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to conduct a concept analysis of health-related quality of life in children with epilepsy to promote conceptual clarification and facilitate mutual understanding of the concept.
Methods
Walker and Avant's concept analysis method was adopted.
Results
Health-related quality of life in children with epilepsy consists of six attributes: health status, inner strength, close relationships, resource-rich community, social acceptance, and changeability. According to the ecological system paradigm, these attributes are structured into five dimensions: organism, microsystem, macrosystem, exosystem, and chronosystem. These dimensions provide a comprehensive approach to the relationship between children with epilepsy and their environment. Epilepsy and interactions with multilevel ecological systems that are directly and indirectly related to children with epilepsy precede the concept, followed by positive and negative affective responses.
Conclusion
The findings of this study may support effective communication in various practice settings, thereby contributing to the health and well-being of children with epilepsy, as well as the development and expansion of interventions to improve their health-related quality of life.

Citations

• Periodontal Management to Improve Oral Health-related Quality of Life in an Adolescent Girl with Phenytoin-induced Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report
  Anika Dawar, Bhumika Gumber, Kanika Makker
  International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentis.2025; 18(5): 599.     CrossRef

Citations

• Celebration of the 30th anniversary of the Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing
  Hyun Young Koo
  Child Health Nursing Research.2024; 30(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Transgenerational impacts of early life adversity: from health determinants, implications to epigenetic consequences
  Cyrielle Holuka, Nathalie Grova, Eleftheria G. Charalambous, Jeanne Le Cléac`H, Jonathan D. Turner, Archibold Mposhi
  Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.2024; 164: 105785.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study examined the effects of an educational program for fathers on improving father-infant interactions, child-rearing knowledge, and attachment.
Methods
In this quasi-experimental study, the participants were recruited by convenience sampling among fathers with infants (2-6 months of age) residing in three districts of Seoul. Fifteen participants in the experimental group and 17 participants in the control group completed the follow-up investigation. A 5-week online and offline intervention program with five sessions was provided to the experimental group. The data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEEs).
Results
There was a significant difference in the change in father-infant interaction scores of the experimental group, especially in the caregiver aspect with a significance level of .100 in time and group-to-group interactions (B=6.46, p=.051, 95% confidence interval [CI]=-0.02-12.94). The changes between the groups and times were not statistically significant when it came to infant development knowledge and father-infant attachment.
Conclusion
We conclude that hybrid online and offline education should be implemented as an effective method to improve fathers’ interactions with their children based on accurate knowledge about infant development.

Citations

• Universal Digital Programs for Promoting Mental and Relational Health for Parents of Young Children: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
  Jessica E. Opie, Timothy B. Esler, Elizabeth M. Clancy, Bradley Wright, Felicity Painter, An Vuong, Anna T. Booth, Louise Newman, Ange Johns-Hayden, Mohajer Hameed, Leesa Hooker, Craig Olsson, Jennifer E. McIntosh
  Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review.2024; 27(1): 23.     CrossRef
• Digital Parenting Interventions for Fathers of Infants From Conception to the Age of 12 Months: Systematic Review of Mixed Methods Studies
  Elisabeth Bailin Xie, James Wonkyu Jung, Jasleen Kaur, Karen M Benzies, Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen, Elizabeth Keys
  Journal of Medical Internet Research.2023; 25: e43219.     CrossRef
• Investigating the Effect of Implementing a Web-Based Educational Program on Fathers’ Involvement in Infant Care 0 to 6 Months
  Maryam Bagheri, Elahe Salari, Raziye Malaijerdi, Sakineh Nazari
  Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research.2023; 28(2): 174.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study investigated the physical and emotional health of South Korean mothers of preterm infants in the early postpartum period.
Methods
In this descriptive correlational study, the participants included 91 mothers of preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in South Korea. Physical health status was measured using a self-reported questionnaire, postpartum depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and guilt using a 4-item scale.
Results
Fatigue had the highest score among mothers' physical health problems, followed by shoulder pain, nipple pain, neck pain. The average postpartum depression score was 11.02 points, and 44% of women had postpartum depression with a score of 12 or above. Postpartum depression significantly was correlated with physical health (r=.35, p=.001), anxiety (r=.84, p<.001), and guilt (r=.75, p<.001) and was significantly higher for women with multiple births, and preterm infants who required ventilator and antibiotic treatment. Anxiety also showed a significant difference according to preterm infants’ condition.
Conclusion
The significant correlations between postpartum depression and physical health, anxiety, and guilt indicate a need for nursing interventions that provide integrated management of mothers’ physical and emotional health.

Citations

• Physical Problems, Fatigue, and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Experienced by Women in the First 48 Hours of Postpartum Period
  Yasemin Erkal Aksoy, Bihter Akin, Sema Dereli Yilmaz
  Nursing & Health Sciences.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Extending the concept of moral distress to parents of infants hospitalized in the NICU: a qualitative study in Greece
  Polychronis Voultsos, Maria Arabatzi, Maria Deligianni, Alexandra K. Tsaroucha
  BMC Psychology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors associated with posttraumatic stress and anxiety among the parents of babies admitted to neonatal care: a systematic review
  Reem Malouf, Sian Harrison, Victoria Pilkington, Charles Opondo, Chris Gale, Alan Stein, Linda S. Franck, Fiona Alderdice
  BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among parenting role sharing, parenting stress, happiness, and parenting behavior of mothers with 6-year-old children.
Methods
This study used data from the seventh Panel Study of Korean Children, which began collecting longitudinal data on a sample of newborn households nationwide in 2008 and will continue yearly until 2027. The participants were 1,560 mothers of children aged 6 years. We conducted statistical analyses using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression.
Results
The mean age of the mothers was 36.8±3.7 years. The mothers' perceived parenting role sharing (r=.07, p=.007), parenting stress (r=-.54, p<.001), and happiness (r=.38, p<.001) were significantly correlated with warm parenting behavior. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that parenting stress (β=-.47, p<.001), happiness (β=.15, p<.001), and parenting role sharing (β=.11, p<.001) were significant predictors for warm parenting behavior by mothers.
Conclusion
It is essential to reduce mothers' stress and increase their positive emotions (happiness). Fathers should actively share parenting roles in raising children to enhance mothers' warm parenting behavior.

Citations

• Relationship Satisfaction in Relation to Gender Essentialism and Gender Equality Views
  Dorottya Ocsenás, Judit Kovács
  Marriage & Family Review.2025; : 1.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to examine body image, self-esteem, and quality of life (QOL) in children and adolescents with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to analyze factors influencing QOL.
Methods
This descriptive study involved 87 participants at a tertiary hospital aged 10 to 18 years who were diagnosed with IBD. Body image, self-esteem, and QOL were measured. Descriptive analysis, the independent t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression were used for data analysis.
Results
The average score was 16.95±3.55 for body image, 31.32±5.25 for self-esteem, and 78.64±15.98 for QOL. Height, weight, hospitalization experience, current symptoms, and consumption of oral steroids showed statistically significant effects on QOL. The most significant predictors of QOL were self-esteem (β=.31, p=.002), body image (β=.28, p=.005), number of symptoms (β=-.25, p=.004), and number of hospitalizations in the last year (β=-.24, p=.004).
Conclusion
To improve the QOL of children and adolescents with IBD, it is necessary to evaluate self-esteem, body image, and physical problems. In addition, various intervention strategies to improve self-esteem and body image and to reduce physical discomfort should be developed.

Citations

• Self-perception and adjustment to Crohn's disease in emerging and young adults: The clinical and psychosocial associated factors
  Nathalie Touma, Carolina Baeza-Velasco
  Pratiques Psychologiques.2025; 31(1): 41.     CrossRef
• Repercussões das Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais no Desenvolvimento Socioemocional de Pacientes Pediátricos
  Cleicione Rosa de Oliveira, Patrícia Alvarenga, Catiele Paixão
  Revista Psicologia e Saúde.2023; : 93.     CrossRef
• Association between Childhood Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Psychiatric Comorbidities in Adulthood
  Andreea Sălcudean, Andreea Georgiana Nan, Cristina Raluca Bodo, Marius Cătălin Cosma, Elena Gabriela Strete, Maria Melania Lica
  Diagnostics.2023; 13(11): 1868.     CrossRef
• Quality of Life Among Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Abdulaziz A Alahmari, Sarah H AlShawaf, Huda A Meshikhes, Bedour A Aleid, Raghad M Aldossari, Marwa M Shafey, Ahmed A Aladsani, Abdulazeem A Al-ibraheem, Nawal M AlRubia, Saleh A AlQahtani
  International Journal of General Medicine.2022; Volume 15: 8775.     CrossRef

Purpose
The symptoms and impairments caused by cerebral palsy usually require long-term treatment, resulting in a substantial burden on the family of affected children. This study explored the experiences of fathers with prematurely-born children with cerebral palsy, with a focus on how such experiences influenced their families.
Methods
A qualitative case study method was used. Nine subjects were recruited from April 2018 to June 2019 at one hospital, and each was interviewed three times by a neonatal nurse.
Results
Five core experiences of fathers were identified: "regret for an insufficient initial response", "confronting my child born as a premature baby", "the position of being a dad who can't do anything", "the process of treatment like a tunnel with no exit", and "a father's getting meaning in life through children". These stories covered an individual's timeline and family interactions.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that fathers of prematurely-born children tend to suppress their emotions; therefore, a novel intervention program to encourage fathers' emotional expression and to support healthier interactions with their families is needed. Moreover, our findings could contribute basic information for the construction of a community-based support system to aid families, including prematurely-born children and other persons with impairments.

Citations

• Factors influencing fathers’ involvement in the care of hospitalized preterm newborns in Balaka, Malawi
  Patani Mhango, Alinane Linda Nyondo-Mipando
  BMC Pediatrics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the level of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children and adolescents who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and to examine factors influencing HRQoL.
Methods
This cross-sectional descriptive study involved 85 participants aged 10 to 19 years who received treatment from 3 months to 5 years after HSCT. Symptom experiences, stress and coping, self-esteem, social support, and HRQoL were measured. Descriptive analysis, the independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression were used for data analysis.
Results
The mean HRQoL score was 72.26 points out of 100. HRQoL showed statistically significant correlations with symptom experiences, stress, self-esteem, social support, satisfaction with peer relationships, and perceived attentiveness of the medical team. The most influential predictors of HRQoL were symptom experiences (β=-.51, p<.001) and satisfaction with peer relationships (β=.32, p<.001).
Conclusion
The experiences of different symptoms by children and adolescents who receive HSCT must be considered. In addition, nursing interventions, such as self-help meetings with peer groups, should be provided to improve their HRQoL.

Citations

• Patient and Caregiver Perceptions of Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
  Marina Bonfill, Andrea Vilaplana, Carmen Conde, Carlota Aguilera, Cristina Diaz-de-Heredia
  SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Body image, self-esteem, and quality of life in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease in a tertiary hospital in South Korea
  Da Jeong Kum, Kyung-Sook Bang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2021; 27(2): 181.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore the structure of variables in studies related to unmarried mothers (UMs) based on Neuman's systems model, and the stressors and stress responses of UMs.
Methods
Whittemore and Knafl’s methodology for integrative reviews was applied. The literature was searched using five electronic databases (KISS, KMbase, KoreaMed, NDSL, and RISS) and a total of 99 variables were collected from 15 studies published between 2009 and 2019.
Results
The main stressors for UMs were a sense of loss and burden caused by childbirth and childrearing. The main stress responses were parenting stress and depression, respectively. Within the basic structure of variables related to UMs, self-esteem played a crucial role by helping UMs adapt to their situation. Meanwhile, social support of UMs was significantly correlated with parenting stress, depression, and self-esteem.
Conclusion
In order to understand UMs' stress, is necessary to explore their sense of loss, burden, and self-esteem. Furthermore, it is important to assess the level of parenting stress and depression of UMs and to provide effective interventions to alleviate these stressors. The results of this study provide useful knowledge that can be applied to nursing assessment and interventions for stress management in UMs.

Citations

• Change in self-construal: a repertory grid technique study of women admitted to a Mother and Baby Unit
  Eleanor E. Wozniak, Dougal Julian Hare, Lynsey Gregg, Anja Wittkowski
  Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of a natural wellness group program using interactive real-time video for unmarried mothers: A quasi-experimental study
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Sungjae Kim, Sinyoung Choi, Gumhee Lee, Misook Kim, Da-Ae Shin, Jan Christopher Cwik
  PLOS ONE.2023; 18(4): e0284340.     CrossRef
• Effects of emotion coaching group programme for mothers of preschool children with smart device overdependence: a mixed methods study
  Gumhee Lee, Sungjae Kim
  BMC Nursing.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Intervention Studies on the Enhancement of Self-Concept Among Adolescent Mothers: A Systematic Review
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Sungjae Kim, Gumhee Lee, Yeseul Jeong, Da-ae Shin, Misook Kim
  Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health .2022; 60(3): 31.     CrossRef
• Factors Related to Smartphone Overdependence in Mothers of Preschoolers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Gumhee Lee, Eunjin Yang
  Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health .2022; 60(3): 40.     CrossRef
• The experience of unmarried mothers raising their children in residential facilities: a phenomenological qualitative study
  Sungjae Kim, Kyung-Sook Bang, Yeseul Jeong, Gumhee Lee, Da-Ae Shin, Misook Kim
  BMC Women's Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Role of community health nurse in the prevention of elderly dehydration
  Mostafa SHABAN, Huda Hamdy MOHAMMED, Sahar Hassan
  Journal of Integrative Nursing.2022; 4(3): 166.     CrossRef
• The Development of a Health Promotion Program for Unmarried Mothers Living in Residential Facilities Using Urban Forests: An Intervention Mapping Approach Based on the Transtheoretical Model
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Sungjae Kim, Gumhee Lee, Sinyoung Choi, Da-Ae Shin, Misook Kim
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2021; 18(16): 8684.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to examine the relationships among the perceptions and practice of taegyo (a traditional set of practices and beliefs related to healthy fetal development) and maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women.
Methods
The participants were 136 pregnant women who visited a public health center or maternity hospital for prenatal care. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of varience, and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS version 22.0.
Results
The mean age of the pregnant women was 32.24±3.99 years. The mean scores for perceptions of taegyo, practice of taegyo, and maternal-fetal attachment were 3.96±0.53, 3.74±0.64, and 3.94±0.49, respectively. Perceptions of taegyo were significantly correlated with the practice of taegyo (r=.72, p<.001), and maternal-fetal attachment (r=.55, p<.001). A significant correlation was also found between the practice of taegyo and maternal-fetal attachment (r=.65, p<.001).
Conclusion
Perceptions of taegyo affected the practice of taegyo, and had a positive effect on maternal-fetal attachment. These findings suggest that primary care nurses at hospitals and public health centers should provide nursing intervention programs to improve the perceptions of taegyo, the practice of taegyo, and maternal-fetal attachment.

Citations

• Influencing Factors and Consequences of Maternal-Fetal Attachment among Pregnant Women in East Asia: A Scoping Review
  Eungil Ko, Yaelim Lee
  Journal of Transcultural Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal symptoms, anthropometric measurements, and breastfeeding duration in infants with colic: a randomized control trial
  Aysu Yıldız Karaahmet, Gülümser Dolgun, Metehan Özen
  Sao Paulo Medical Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Relation between Mother’s Taekyo, Prenatal and Postpartum Depression, and Infant’s Temperament and Colic: A Longitudinal Prospective Approach
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Insook Lee, Sungjae Kim, Yunjeong Yi, Iksoo Huh, Sang-Youn Jang, Dasom Kim, Sujin Lee
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2020; 17(20): 7691.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to review the literature on intervention studies for abused children and adolescent in residential facilities in South Korea (ACARF-K). The goal was to understand the problems they experience, to evaluate the content and effectiveness of interventions applied to them, and to develop evidence-based nursing intervention programs.
Methods
We used four electronic databases to search for relevant articles. 18 studies according to Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review method to synthesize the literature.
Results
The ACARF-K experienced problems in biophysical, psychological, and sociocultural domains related to attachment impairment. Effective intervention strategies were building trust through empathy and fulfillment of needs, encouraging ACARF-K to express themselves and helping them to clarify emotions in an unthreatening environment, and improving their self-concept through activities in which they experienced achievement.
Conclusion
Interventions are needed to help restore attachment damage among ACARF-K. The interventions in this study utilized emotional, cognitive, relational, and behavioral therapeutic tools to improve their psychological and social capacities. Future intervention programs for ACARF-K should include these key elements.

Citations

• Relationship between Mother’s emotional intelligence, negative parenting behaviour, Preschooler’s attachment instability, and smart device overdependence
  Gumhee Lee, Sungjae Kim
  BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef

Purpose
This prospective study aimed to examine the development of premature infants at 12 and 24 months and to explore the factors related to their development.
Methods
Of the 80 premature infants who were recruited, 52 participants at 12 months and 31 participants at 24 months were included in this study. The development of the infants was examined using the Korean Bayley scale of infant development-II. Postnatal depression, husband’s support, social support, mother-infant attachment, and the home environment were assessed using self-report questionnaires completed by the mothers and through the researcher’s observations.
Results
There was significant difference between normal and delay group at psychomotor development at 12 months depending on social support at 6 months (t=2.03, p=.049). Mother-infant attachment at 6 months (r=.71, p<.001), 12 months (r=.37, p=.043), and 24 months (r=.40, p=.026), as well as social support (r=.38, p=.034) and the home environment (r=.41, p=.022) at 24 months, were correlated to mental development at 24 months. There was a significant positive correlation between mother-infant attachment at 6 months and psychomotor development at 24 months (r=.40, p=.046).
Conclusion
To reduce the risk of developmental delay and to promote healthy development in premature infants, early nursing interventions targeting mother-infant attachment, the home environment, and the mother’s social support structure are needed.

Citations

• Early Parenting Interventions to Enhance Development in Infants and Children Born Prematurely: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Won-Oak Oh, Yoo-Jin Heo
  Journal of Pediatric Health Care.2024; 38(6): e1.     CrossRef
• Effect of a Follow-up Program Involving an Early Intervention and Self-help Group on Parenting Stress, Depression, and Parenting Efficacy for Mothers of Premature Infants
  Eun Sun Ji, Jinhee Choi, Kaka Shim
  Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Chil.2023; 27(4): 256.     CrossRef
• Parenting Experience of Prematurity Parents Based on Grounded Theory
  Jeong Soon Kim
  Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Chil.2019; 23(4): 232.     CrossRef
• Cognitive Ability and Related Factors in Preschoolers Born Prematurely
  Young Mee Ahn, Sangmi Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(4): 468.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to review interventions available to nurses caring for siblings of children with cancer.
Methods
Searches of CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and RISS identified ten intervention studies published from January, 2000 to November, 2016.
Results
Ten studies on interventions for siblings of pediatric cancer patients were identified as follows: 4 included camps, 4 included support groups, and 2 provided individual interventions. Theoretical frameworks were mainly cognitive behavioral theory and most studies were led by psychologists and multidisciplinary teams. The purpose of the interventions was primarily enhancing psychosocial adjustment. Siblings’ fear of disease, self-esteem, and social support were improved significantly after the interventions. Findings were inconsistent with regard to depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, post-traumatic stress, health-related quality of life, and siblings’ perceptions of the illness.
Conclusion
Study findings showed the potential for enhancing emotional and behavioral outcomes in siblings of children with cancer. However, the number of studies was very small, and several methodological limitations were identified. In the future, more randomized controlled trials with larger samples are needed to extend the evidence base. Moreover, future research should identify sibling’s characteristics and circumstances most likely to bring benefits to the siblings.

Citations

• Development and effects of an internet-based family resilience-promoting program for parents of children with cancer: A randomized controlled trial
  Mina Park, Sunah Kim, Hyejung Lee, Yoon Jung Shin, Chuhl Joo Lyu, Eun Kyoung Choi
  European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2023; 64: 102332.     CrossRef
• Measurement Properties of Self-Report Questionnaires Measuring the Social Adjustment for Youth after Treatment of Childhood Cancer: Systematic Review
  Su-Mi Oh, Sun-Young Park, Hye-Jung Lee, Ju Hee Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(1): 78.     CrossRef

Purpose
There are many forest and outdoor programs being offered but systematic reviews of effects are lacking. This study was done to identify content, format, and strategies of forest therapy programs for elementary school students.
Methods
Literature search using keywords in English and Korean was performed using 6 electronic databases in December 2016. Search participants were elementary school students and interventions conducted in the forest. Seventeen forest therapy studies were selected for evaluation. Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non-randomized study was used for quality assessment.
Results
All studies were quasi-experimental designs. Forest therapy programs included various activities in forests such as experience of five senses, meditation in the forest, walking in the forest, ecological play, observation of animals and insects. All studies used psychosocial health variables and forest healing programs had positive effects on sociality, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, stress, aggression, anger, and school adjustment. Limitations of these studies were vague reporting of the study, lack of ethical review and rigorous research designs.
Conclusion
Forest therapy for elementary school child can be an effective way to improve psychosocial health. Future studies with rigorous study designs are needed to assess long-term effects of forest therapy on physical and psychosocial health.

Citations

• A phenomenological explication of immersion in forest bathing
  Yiqin Zhang, Hirofumi Ueda
  Tourism Recreation Research.2025; 50(3): 493.     CrossRef
• The Concept and Application of the Healing Industry: A Scoping Review
  Ji Seong Yi, Sung Yee Yoon, Jae Soo Kim
  Journal of People, Plants, and Environment.2025; 28(4): 537.     CrossRef
• Significance of Natural Environment in Reducing Long-Term Consequences of COVID-19. Tasks and Threats of Forest Pedagogy as Environmental Education
  Marlena Baranowska, Anna Koprowicz, Martyna Korzeniewicz, Robert Korzeniewicz
  Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae.2023; 21(3): 93.     CrossRef
• Research Trends on the Effects of Forest Therapy in Korea and Ways to Improve the Level of Medical Evidence: A Scoping Review
  Hyelim Lee, Dawou Joung, Yong Jin Kwon, Bum-Jin Park
  Journal of People, Plants, and Environment.2023; 26(5): 535.     CrossRef
• Effects of forest bathing (shinrin-yoku) on individual well-being: an umbrella review
  Michele Antonelli, Davide Donelli, Lucrezia Carlone, Valentina Maggini, Fabio Firenzuoli, Emanuela Bedeschi
  International Journal of Environmental Health Rese.2022; 32(8): 1842.     CrossRef
• What Activities in Forests Are Beneficial for Human Health? A Systematic Review
  Sujin Park, Eunsoo Kim, Geonwoo Kim, Soojin Kim, Yeji Choi, Domyung Paek
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(5): 2692.     CrossRef
• Effects of Forest-Based Interventions on Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
  Mi-Jung Kang, Hyun-Sun Kim, Ji-Yeon Kim
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(8): 4884.     CrossRef
• ‘This Is What the Colour Green Smells Like!’: Urban Forest Bathing Improved Adolescent Nature Connection and Wellbeing
  Kirsten McEwan, Vanessa Potter, Yasuhiro Kotera, Jessica Eve Jackson, Sarah Greaves
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(23): 15594.     CrossRef
• The Psychological and Physical Effects of Forests on Human Health: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
  Marita Stier-Jarmer, Veronika Throner, Michaela Kirschneck, Gisela Immich, Dieter Frisch, Angela Schuh
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2021; 18(4): 1770.     CrossRef
• Effects of an Urban Forest-Based Health Promotion Program on Children Living in Group Homes
  Min Kyung Song, Kyung-Sook Bang, Sungjae Kim, Gumhee Lee, Yeseul Jeong
  Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health .2020; 58(6): 18.     CrossRef
• Development of Forest-based Health Promotion Program forVulnerable School Children
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Sungjae Kim, Min Kyung Song, KyungIm Kang, Yeseul Jeong
  Perspectives in Nursing Science.2020; 17(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Elementary School Teachers' Awareness of Forest Welfare Services and Promotion of Strategies for School-based Health Promotion Programs Using the Forest
  Miju Kim, Kyung-Sook Bang, Insook Lee, Sungjae Kim, Yunjeong Yi, Young Ran Chin, Hyojeong Moon, Ei-Yan Ha
  Perspectives in Nursing Science.2019; 16(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Systematic Review of Meaning-centered Interventions for Adolescents
  Young Sook Lim, Kyung A Kang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(3): 263.     CrossRef
• The Effects of a Health Promotion Program Using Urban Forests and Nursing Student Mentors on the Perceived and Psychological Health of Elementary School Children in Vulnerable Populations
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Sungjae Kim, Min Kyung Song, Kyung Im Kang, Yeaseul Jeong
  International Journal of Environmental Research an.2018; 15(9): 1977.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to define the concept of stress in siblings of childhood cancer patients.
Methods
The hybrid model was used to perform the concept analysis of stress in childhood cancer patients’ siblings. Through reviews of 16 studies in the theoretical phase and interviews with 20 siblings in the field phase, the derived results were brought together in the integration phase.
Results
The concept of stress in siblings of patients with childhood cancer was found to have 6 attributes and 28 indicators in 3 domains. Personal factors included 2 attributes (fear about childhood cancer and immature coping skills), and family factors had 2 attributes (changes in relationships with family and changes in family environment), social factors had 2 attributes (changes in relationships with friends and in the school experience, and insufficient social support).
Conclusion
The stress of siblings of childhood cancer patients was defined as a state of tension associated with personal, family, social factors that can be related to their siblings’ childhood cancer. The findings in this study provide the base for the development of a tool for measuring siblings’ stress and/or the development of nursing programs for these siblings.

Citations

• Educational needs of people with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their parents: A cross‐sectional study
  Mi‐Kyoung Cho, Mi Young Kim
  Nursing Open.2023; 10(7): 4849.     CrossRef
• Development of a Stress Scale for Siblings of Childhood Cancer Patients
  Juyoun Yu, Kyung-Sook Bang, Hyoung Kang
  Children.2021; 8(4): 265.     CrossRef
• A Systematic Review of Interventions with Siblings of Pediatric Cancer Patients
  Soo-yeon Han, Ji-Hye Hwang, Cho-hee Kim, Hye-young Jang, Kyung-Sook Bang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2017; 23(3): 394.     CrossRef

Purpose
The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of preschooler obesity/overweight and to identify associated factors.
Methods
This study was a cross-sectional study. Data for 591 preschoolers, 432 fathers and 538 mothers from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014 were included. Obesity/overweight was defined by 2007 Korean National Growth Charts. T-test, Rao-Scott χ2, multivariate logistic regression was used for the analysis.
Results
Prevalence rates for preschooler obesity/overweight were 14.9% (obesity, 5.4%; overweight, 9.5%). The preschoolers with atopic dermatitis or allergic rhinitis or asthma (OR=2.78, 95% CI [1.27-6.09], p=.011) and eating more thiamine per day (OR=1.01, 95% CI [1.00-1.02], p=.001) showed higher obesity/overweight development. The only parental factor affecting preschooler obesity/overweight was parental body mass index (father, OR=1.18, 95% CI [1.09-1.28], p<.001; mother, OR=1.09, 95% CI [1.04-1.15], p<.001).
Conclusion
Interventions on preventing preschooler obesity should be introduced much earlier for children with risk factors. Results from this study can be used as preliminary data to develop effective strategies to prevent obesity in Korean preschoolers.

Citations

• Validation of the Korean Version of the Nutrition Screening Tool for Every Preschooler (NutriSTEP ® ): Using the Rasch Model
  So Hyun Park, Youn-Jung Son, Hanjong Park
  Journal of the American Nutrition Association.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
• Analysis of the factors that influence preschool children eating behavior by applying the health belief model: Seoul and Gyeonggi Province
  Sung-Mi Cha, Soo-Youn Kim
  Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(3): 541.     CrossRef
• Social Ecological Factors for Adolescent Obesity: Using the 2021 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data
  Kyong Sil Park
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2023; 48(3): 233.     CrossRef
• Relationship between the Dietary Behavior of Young Children and Their Mothers in Daejeon, Korea Using the Nutrition Quotient for Preschoolers and Adults
  InYoung Jeong, SuJin Song
  Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2021; 26(1): 12.     CrossRef
• Risk Factors in Early Life for Preschool Children in Korea that are Associated with Being Overweight or Obese
  Jin Suk Ra, Hyun Jung Yun
  Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2020; 11(1): 15.     CrossRef
• Relations among Maternal Employment, Depressive Symptoms, Breastfeeding Duration, and Body Mass Index Trajectories in Early Childhood
  Jihyoung Kim
  Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Chil.2020; 24(2): 75.     CrossRef
• Factors associated with Obesity among Korean Adolescents based on the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016)
  Hyun Young Koo, Eun Kyung Lee
  Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(1): 28.     CrossRef
• Assessment of dietary behaviors among preschoolers in Daejeon: using Nutrition Quotient for Preschoolers (NQ-P)
  Hye-Jin Lee, Jin Hee Kim, SuJin Song
  Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(2): 194.     CrossRef
• Association between Body Mass Index and Dental Caries : Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 - 2015
  Jihye Jang, Miso Lee, Jaegon Kim, Yeonmi Yang, Daewoo Lee
  THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DEN.2019; 46(3): 283.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to monitor the development of Korean premature infant at six-month age and to explore factors related to developmental status of the premature infants.
Methods
Participants were 58 premature infants whose corrected age was six-months old and their mothers. The developmental states of infants were followed-up with the Korean Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire (KPDQ-II). Clinical characteristics of the infants were identified from the medical records. Other characteristics including Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, husband’s support, social support, and mother-infant attachment were assessed using self-report questionnaires from the mothers.
Results
Forty three percent of the infants were in the group of questionable status of development on the KPDQ-II. There were significant differences between the premature infants with normal developmental status and those with questionable developmental status depending on gender (χ² = 5.03, p = .034), gestational age (t = 2.59, p = .012), hospital stay (p = .013), revised Neurobiologic Risk Score (p = .005) and mother-infant attachment score (t = 2.12, p = .040).
Conclusion
Mother-infant attachment, as well as physiological state of premature infants, is an important variable in early development. Therefore, early monitoring for the development has to be done for physiologically vulnerable premature groups. Also, providing proper nursing support to improve maternal attachment needs to be considered.

Citations

• Developmental Characteristics of High‐Risk Infants According to the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–Third Edition
  Ju‐Young Park, Nam‐Hae Jung
  Child: Care, Health and Development.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Pilot Study to Develop the Korean Screening Index of Early Development-Parent Form
  Hyo-Jeong Jeon, Eun-Kyoung Goh, Min-Jung Kim, Eun-Seol Kim
  Korean Journal of Child Studies.2025; 46(2): 37.     CrossRef
• Perception and Educational Needs of Developmentally Supportive Care At-Home for Parents of Pre-Term Newborns
  Jeong Soon Kim, Hae Ran Kim
  Healthcare.2023; 11(12): 1700.     CrossRef
• The Effects of a Continuous Olfactory Stimulation Using Breast Milk (COSB) on Behavioral State and Physiological Responses in Korean Premature Infants
  Young Ah Park, Yeo Jin Im
  Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2020; 53: e114.     CrossRef
• Factors Related to the Development of Premature Infants at 12 and 24 Months Age: A Prospective Study
  Kyung-Sook Bang, Hyun-Ju Kang
  Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(1): 58.     CrossRef
• Characteristics of Temperament of Preterm Toddlers and Their Relation to Early Language and Communication Development
  YoonKyoung Lee, Jiyoung Lee
  Communication Sciences & Disorders.2017; 22(3): 458.     CrossRef

Purpose
This study was conducted to examine the effect of education on infection control for multidrug resistant organism (MDRO).
Methods
One group pre-post time series design was used. Infection control education for MDRO infection was provided to nurses working in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Knowledge and recognition were evaluated before and after education. Hand hygiene compliance, MDRO isolation rate and central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rate were used as outcome variables. Data from 45 nurses was used for analysis.
Results
General knowledge about MDRO increased (p=.011). Responses to questions about image of MDRO and MDRO management tended to change in a positive direction (p = .046). Hand hygiene compliance was 100% at pre-test, 79.5% during education period and 98.4% at post-education period. MDRO isolation rate was 6.83 per 1,000 patient days at pre-test, 10.24 during education period and 6.68 at post-education period. CLABSI rate was 3.76 per 1,000 central line days at pre-test, 6.84 during education period and 4.71 at post-education period.
Conclusion
Findings indicate that the education program is effective in improving knowledge about MDRO in NICU nurses. However, more reliable indicators should be used to determine long-term effects.

Citations

• Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Mothers Working as Nurses Toward Multidrug-Resistant: Impact of an Educational Program in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
  Sawsan Abuhammad, Dalya Alwedyan, Shaher Hamaideh, Mohammed AL-Jabri
  Infection and Drug Resistance.2024; Volume 17: 1937.     CrossRef
• Development and Evaluation of Infection Control Nursing Simulation Education Program for Nurses in a NICU
  Min-hee Cho, Sunghee Kim
  Journal of Korea Society for Simulation in Nursing.2024; 12(2): 1.     CrossRef
• Perceived Importance, Performance, Barriers, and Strategies of VRE Infection Control among Nurses in Wards with Cohort Isolation Rooms: A Mixed-methods Study
  Yunhee Won, Jeonghyun Cho, Eunyoung Park
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2023; 35(4): 393.     CrossRef
• Development of a high-risk neonatal infection control competency scale
  Mi Yu, Hyunju Kang, Jisun Park, Miran Yang
  Journal of Child Health Care.2021; 25(3): 393.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing Self-Confidence in Performance of Infection Control for Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms among Nurses in Long-Term Care Hospitals
  So Jin Lee, Mi Ran Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursi.2021; 28(2): 226.     CrossRef

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among preschoolers’ smartphone addiction tendency, problem behaviors, and parenting efficacy of the mothers of these children.
Methods
A cross-sectional, descriptive study design was used with self-administered questionnaires. A total of 83 mothers of preschoolers aged 4-6 years and their preschool teachers from a kindergarten participated in the study.
Results
Mean daily time spent by the preschoolers on smartphones was about 45 minutes/day. About 40% spent more than 60 minutes/day on smartphones. The majority (69.8%) used smartphones without adult supervision. The level of smartphone addiction tendency among the pre-schoolers was 1.52±0.45 on a 4-point scale. Preschoolers whose mothers use smartphones for more than 60 minutes/day showed a higher level of smartphone addiction tendency than preschoolers whose mothers use smartphones for less than 60 minutes/day. Also smartphone addiction tendency among preschoolers had a positive correlation with hyperactive-distractible behavior (r = .228, p = .038) and a negative correlation with parenting efficacy of their mothers (r = -.299, p = .006).
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrated that preschooler’s smartphone addiction tendency is significantly associated with hyperactive-distractible behaviors of the children and low parenting efficacy among their mothers. Therefore well-designed care plans for these populations should be provided to decrease smartphone addiction tendency.

Citations

• Types and contexts of child mobile screen use and associations with early childhood behavior
  Sumudu R. Mallawaarachchi, Jeromy Anglim, Sharon Horwood
  Early Childhood Research Quarterly.2025; 70: 274.     CrossRef
• Addressing the impact of smartphone use on children’s health: a comprehensive analysis of physical, psychological, social, and behavioral effects
  Mohammed Said Obeidat, Faten Hani AL-Shalabi
  Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science.2025; 26(5): 690.     CrossRef
• Parent-Child Relationships and Children’s Addiction to Smartphones: A Review of International Studies
  Victor P. Sheinov
  RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics.2025; 22(1): 75.     CrossRef
• Prevalence, determinants and consequences of problematic smartphone use among preschoolers (3–5 years) from Dhaka, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional investigation
  Faruq Abdulla, Md. Moyazzem Hossain, Mohammed Nazmul Huq, Abdul Hai, Azizur Rahman, Russell Kabir, Farhana Jahan Peya, Sinigdha Islam, Hafiz T.A. Khan
  Journal of Affective Disorders.2023; 329: 413.     CrossRef
• Associations of smartphone and tablet use in early childhood with psychosocial, cognitive and sleep factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  Sumudu R. Mallawaarachchi, Jeromy Anglim, Merrilyn Hooley, Sharon Horwood
  Early Childhood Research Quarterly.2022; 60: 13.     CrossRef
• Parental Factors Associated with Smartphone Overuse in Preschoolers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Gumhee Lee, Sungjae Kim, Heajin Yu
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(3): 349.     CrossRef
• Pathway from Maternal Parenting Efficacy, Inappropriate Motives for Allowing Smart Devices, and Smart Device Dependency to Preschoolers’ Ability to Understand Minds
  Yun Mi Park, Min Ju Kang
  Korean Journal of Child Studies.2020; 41(6): 9.     CrossRef
• Factors associated with Smartphone Overdependency in Preschool Children
  MinJung Lee, SungHee Park
  Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(4): 383.     CrossRef
• Effects of the Age at First Use of Smart Devices and the Amount of Time to Use Smart Devices on the Externalizing Problem Behavior of Infants and the Moderating Roles of Maternal Managing Behavior
  Yoon Kyung Kim, Ho Jung Kim, Mi Kyung Yoon, Ju Hee Park
  Family and Environment Research.2018; 56(6): 541.     CrossRef
• Effects of Hyperactivity Tendency and Ego-Resiliency on Smartphone Game Overflow Among Young Children
  Ha Ra Ban, Nary Shin
  Korean Journal of Child Studies.2017; 38(4): 117.     CrossRef