Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the moderate drinking program based on social cognitive theory on changes in the drinking habits of college students with drinking problems.
Methods This study included a total of 68 college students with drinking problems. These participants participated in 10 sessions of a moderate drinking program in which social cognitive theory was applied. Changes in the cognition and behaviors of the participants were then investigated.
Results The moderate drinking program based on social cognitive theory for college students with drinking problems was effective in increasing the subjects' drinking-related knowledge (U=191.50, p<.001), enhancing their drinking refusal self-efficacy(t=8.02, p<.001), and changing their drinking-related attitudes (U=108.50, p<.001), drinking outcome expectancy (t=8.68, p<.001), amount of drinking in a single session (x2=25.72, p<.001), number of drinking sessions per month (x2=10.05, p=.006), and problem drinking behaviors (t=5.77, p<.001).
Conclusion These results can be used to inform a regular on-campus intervention programs for moderate drinking, and to implement education about moderate drinking, thereby increasing the success rate of drinking reduction.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of major satisfaction in the relationship between academic self-efficacy and academic achievement among nursing students.
Methods Data were collected from 142 nursing students from March 5 to March 9, 2018, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 for Windows.
Results Academic self-efficacy had a significant effect on both major satisfaction (β=.31, p<.001), and academic achievement (β=.43, p<.001). The parameter of major satisfaction was found to have a significant effect on the dependent variable, academic achievement (β=.22, p=.007), and the independent variable, academic self-efficacy, also had a significant effect on academic achievement (β=.39, p<.001). Thus, major satisfaction was found to have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between academic self efficacy and academic achievement. The Sobel test showed that the path of the academic achievement and academic self efficacy variables was significantly mediated by major satisfaction (Z=2.99, p=.003).
Conclusion Academic self-efficacy was found to affect academic achievement, and major satisfaction was found to play a partial mediating role in the relationship between academic self efficacy and academic achievement.
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PURPOSE This study was to investigate the smoking related social influence, refusal skill and nonsmoking related self-efficacy among adolescents. METHOD The subject for this study consisted of 3,000 students of middle and high school located in Chonbuk province. The data were collected by self-report questionnaire from Aguest 19 to September 14, 2002. RESULT The smoking rate was 3.3% in middle school students and 13.6% in high school students. The subject have had 61.1% of family members, 42.7% of same sex friends, 39.4% of object sex friend, 64.9% of peer group and 85.9% of teachers were being smoke. The smoking related social influence and smoking status showed significant relationship; current smokers' smoking related social influence level was much higher than former and never smoker. Friends', teachers' and family members' influences were important to adolescents' smoking. Adolescents had social influence made by many smokers. 27.7% of subject were suggested to smoke by near people, 40.4% of which them were smoked or tried to smoke.
The mean refusal skill score of subject was 39.13 points per hundred. Adolescents have showed very low level of refusal skill to smoke. Current smokers' refusal skill level was significantly lower than former and never smoker. The mean average nonsmoking related self-efficacy score of current smoker was 44.46 percents per hundred, it showed that current smoker had very low level of self-efficacy to ceasing smoke. CONCLUSION For the purpose of adolescents smoking prevention and ceasing, the educational program must designed to reduce smoking related social influence, to promote the refusal skill and nonsmoking related self-efficacy.
PURPOSE This study was done to identify the relationship between smoking, drinking and safety behavior in middle and high school students in one Korean province, North Cholla. METHOD The study sample included 1,327 randomly selected middle and high school students from S-Gun area in Chonbuk Province. The data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire developed by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (2005). The data were analyzed using the SPSSWIN 15.0 program. RESULTS The smoking rate in the middle and high school students was 6.9%, and the drinking rate was 24.9%. The rate for seatbelt use was 49.3%, for drunk driving, 8.8%, and for riding in car driven by a drunk driver, 24.0%. The rates for seatbelt use, for drunk driving, and for riding in a drunk driver were higher in smokers and drinkers than in non-smokers and non-drinkers(p<.05). CONCLUSION The smoking and drinking status of the adolescents was correlated with their safety behavior practices as they relate to seatbelt use, drunk driving, and for riding in car driven by a drunk driver. Therefore, an elementary school level program to curb student smoking and alcohol consumption is needed to prevent smoking and alcohol consumption in middle and high school students and contribute to improvement in their safety behavior practices.
PURPOSE This study was done to investigate behavior related to viewing pornography sites by primary, middle, and high school students in one province. METHODS The participants were 2,939 primary (5, 6 grade), middle and high school students (1, 2 and 3 grade), chosen at random in big cities, small towns and rural areas of NorthChollaProvince. RESULTS The first experience of finding pornography sites by oneself was 21.1% for the total sample and for primary school students 6.8%, for middle school students, 31.0%, and for high school students, 62.2%. The first time on a pornography site was highest for middle school students (62.0%) and for grade, middle school 1 grade (25.7%). The pornography use resulted in difficulties with study (11.3%), desire to imitate what was seen in pornography (10.9%), imitation of what was seen the pornography (3.9%), and desire to visit pornography sites everyday (2.3%).
Pornography contact behavior was related to gender and school type (p<.05). Independent access to pornography and experiencing difficulties with study were related to area of residence (p<.05). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that systematic education policy and further research on needs for pornography contact should be examined to develop programs to decrease pornography contact behavior.
PURPOSE This study was done to investigate the route of sexual knowledge acquisition and sexual problem behavior of primary school students in one province, North Cholla. METHOD The participants in this research were 990 primary school 5 and 6 grade students chosen at random in big cities, small towns and rural areas of North Cholla Province. RESULTS The routes for sexual knowledge acquisition were through classes and the teacher at school (40.6%), members of peer groups or seniors (26.1%), internet (15.3%), parents (10.0%), and multimedia (8.0%). The percentages for domains of sexual problem behavior were sexual impulse, 3.8%, sexual violence, 3.7%, masturbation, 2.7%, voyeurism, 1.8%, prostitution, 0.8%, transvestism, 0.5%, and exhibitionism, 0.1%. Sexual problem behavior experienced by 5.0% or more of the students was reported as the experience of another person compulsory touching their bodies, the desire to embrace and the desire to kiss a friend of the opposite sex.
The biggest sexual problem behavior for the students was sexual violence and sexual impulses toward friends of the opposite sex. The experience rate for sixth graders was higher than for fifth graders (p<.05) and the experience rate of another person compulsory touching their bodies was higher for boys than for girls (p<.05). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that systematic programs and curriculum should be developed for sexual problem behavior prevention.
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