Purpose Simulation-based education plays a critical role in nursing by allowing students to acquire clinical competencies in a safe and controlled environment. However, current evaluation tools for simulation scenarios often lack standardization, resulting in inconsistencies when assessing the effectiveness of such programs.
Methods This study aimed to develop a comprehensive Nursing Simulation Scenario Evaluation Tool using the Real-Time Delphi method. A panel of 10 experts in nursing and simulation education participated in two rounds of surveys. The evaluation criteria were derived from the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning Standards of Best Practice and relevant literature. Survey items were refined through expert consensus using content validity ratios and coefficient of variation values. The finalized tool was further enhanced with artificial intelligence (AI)–based evaluation capabilities to support objective and systematic assessment. The tool was registered and patented in the Republic of Korea (Korean Intellectual Property Office Registration No. 10-2024-0051234) to acknowledge its innovation and technical merit.
Results The process resulted in an evaluation tool comprising eight key domains and 36 items, covering scenario structure, learning objectives, preparation, script development, debriefing, facilitation, expected outcomes, and scenario validity. A Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of 0.739 indicated strong agreement among the experts.
Conclusion This study successfully developed a standardized and validated tool to improve the reliability and effectiveness of simulation-based education in nursing. The tool addresses a key gap in current educational practices and enhances consistency in evaluating nursing simulation scenarios. Future studies should focus on validating its application across diverse educational environments.
Purpose This systematic literature review and meta-analysis explored extended reality (XR)-based pediatric nursing simulation programs and analyzed their effectiveness.
Methods A literature search was conducted between May 1 and 30, 2022 in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and CINAHL. The search period was from 2000 to 2022. In total, 6,095 articles were reviewed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 14 articles were selected for the final content analysis and 10 for the meta-analysis. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and the Comprehensive Meta- Analysis program.
Results XR-based pediatric nursing simulation programs have increased since 2019. Studies using virtual reality with manikins or high-fidelity simulators were the most common, with six studies. The total effect size was statistically significant at 0.84 (95% confidence interval=0.50-1.19, z=4.82, p<.001).
Conclusion Based on the findings, we suggest developing standardized guidelines for the operation of virtual pediatric nursing simulation education and practice. Simultaneously, the application of more sophisticated research designs for effect measurement and the combined applications of various virtual simulation methods are needed to validate the most effective simulation methodology.
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Purpose To develop a fall risk assessment tool to predict fall risk in pediatric inpatients.
Methods Three tools widely used in clinical practice (Humpty Dumpty Fall Scale, General Risk Assessment for Pediatric Inpatient Falls, and Seoul National University Hospital Pediatric Fall Risk Scale) were examined, and assessment items were extracted. Employing a case-control design, 29 children who experienced falls during hospital stays were selected as the "fall" group, and a control group (93 children) was selected based on age and sex matching. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the newly developed tool ("Newfs-PI") were analyzed.
Results The Newfs-PI consisted of seven items: age, activity, history of falls, length of hospital stay, and medication. The total score ranged from 0 to 15. Its sensitivity and specificity were 62.07% and 74.19%, respectively.
Conclusion The Newfs-PI has high specificity and sensitivity, which are essential for a fall risk assessment tool that complements existing tools. These values are high relative to those of existing assessment tools and satisfy both sensitivity and specificity criteria. As the EMR enables monitoring of the components of the Newfs-PI, the tool can be used as a fall risk assessment and prevention scale for pediatric inpatients.
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Purpose This study was conducted to obtain data for the development of an effective fall risk assessment tool for pediatric inpatients through a systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic test accuracy of existing scales.
Methods A literature search using Medline, Science Direct, CINAHL, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was performed between March 1 and 31, 2018. Of 890 identified papers, 10 were selected for review. Nine were used in the meta-analysis. Stata version 14.0 was used to create forest plots of sensitivity and specificity. A summary receiver operating characteristic curve was used to compare all diagnostic test accuracies.
Results Four studies used the Humpty Dumpty Falls Scale. The most common items included the patient's diagnoses, use of sedative medications, and mobility. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the nine studies were .79 and .36, respectively.
Conclusion Considering the low specificity of the pediatric fall risk assessment scales currently available, there is a need to subdivide scoring categories and to minimize items that are evaluated using nurses' subjective judgment alone. Fall risk assessment scales should be incorporated into the electronic medical record system and an automated scoring system should be developed.
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The use of pediatric fall risk assessment tool in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures: A prospective study Nadir YALÇIN, Mehmet Akif GÖKTAŞ, Ersin GÜMÜŞ Akademik Gastroenteroloji Dergisi.2023; 22(2): 103. CrossRef
The revised Humpty Dumpty Fall Scale: An update to improve tool performance and predictive validity Danielle Altares Sarik, Deborah Hill-Rodriguez, Karina A. Gattamorta, Jacqueline L. Gonzalez, Jenny Esteves, Katherine Zamora, Jennifer Cordo Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2022; 67: 34. CrossRef
Reliability and Validity of a Pediatric Fall Risk Assessment Scale for Hospitalized Patients in Taiwan Ching-Mei Chang, Cheng-Fan Wen, Hsien-Feng Lin Quality Management in Health Care.2021; 30(2): 121. CrossRef
An electronic medical record-based fall risk assessment tool for pediatric inpatients in South Korea: Improved sensitivity and specificity Eun Joo Kim, Ji Young Lim, Geun Myun Kim, Junghyun Min Child Health Nursing Research.2021; 27(2): 137. CrossRef
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Evaluation of the risk of falls in hospitalized children using the GRAF PIF scale (General Risk Assessment for Pediatric Inpatient Falls Scale) Lucie Sikorová, Michaela Cmorjaková Pediatrie pro praxi.2021; 22(3): 240. CrossRef
HARİZMİ Düşme Riski Ölçeği’nin Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi Şeyda SEREN İNTEPELER, Murat BEKTAŞ, Veysel Karani BARIŞ, İsa ÇELİK Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elek.2020; 13(4): 259. CrossRef
Purpose This study was done to analyze nursing students’ attitudes to life-sustaining treatment by measuring their awareness of biomedical ethics and resulting attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment.
Methods This study was a descriptive research to assess the level of nursing students’ awareness of biomedical ethics, attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, and correlations between these variables. After the nursing students signed a consent form they were assessed. Data collection was done from September 1 to October 25, 2016, and analyzed using SPSS 23.0 WIM Program.
Results There was a negative correlation and significant difference between nursing students’ awareness of biomedical ethics and attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. There was a significant correlation among attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment and medical ethics, mortality ethics.
Conclusion The findings in the study indicate that it is necessary to provide nursing students with easy access to continuous education to help them establish an acceptable view of withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment.
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