PURPOSE
The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify predictors of behavior that promotes health in middle school students.
METHOD
The participants for this study were 361 students from one middle school, located in Gangwon province. The data were collected by a questionnaire given to the students. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
The highest score for behavior promoting health was refraining illegal substances abuse. There was a significant positive correlation between behavior promoting health and optimism. There was a significant reverse correlation between behavior promoting health and pessimism, and also between optimism and pessimism. The predictors of behavior promoting health in middle school students were optimism, school life, pessimism, school record, grade, and smoking. These factors explained 25.7% of the total variance and the most powerful predictor was optimism (15.5%).
CONCLUSION
The findings from this study, indicate a need to develop a nursing intervention programs to promote health behavior in middle school students including the promotion of optimism.

Purpose
The purposes of this descriptive survey study were to describe postpartum depression level and to identify the influence of postpartum depression on maternal role confidence, parenting stress and infant temperament, in order to develop a base for nursing intervention programs for mothers who have postpartum depression. Method: Data were collected from 183 mothers of infants who visited one public health center in Goyang city. The instrument used for this study was a self-report questionnaire to identify the postpartum depression (BDI), maternal role confidence, parenting stress (PSI) and infant temperament (WBL).
Results
Of the mothers 42.1% were in the normal range for postpartum depression, 33.3% in the mild group and 24.6% were in the moderate to severe group. There were significant differences in parenting stress, and infant temperament according to level of postpartum depression. There were correlations between maternal role confidence (r=-0.13), infant temperament (r=-0.20), parenting stress (r=0.51) and postpartum depression, and weak negative correlation between parenting stress and infant temperament (r=-0.30).
Conclusion
Postpartum depression in the infant period when the mother's role is very important and the effect is not only on the mother's role but also on the infant's growth. It is essential to assess and provide immediate care to mothers who have postpartum depression.

PURPOSE
The purposes of this descriptive survey study were to describe perception of the importance of parental role as held by mothers of young infants, and to analyze differences in perceptions according to characteristics the mothers and infants.
METHOD
Data were collected from 240 mothers of healthy infants under one year of age, being seen in one public health center in Gangreung City. The instrument used for this study was a self-report questionnaire to identify parental role.
RESULTS
The mean score for perception of the importance of parental role was 139.89, and for the domains, the means were 4.43 for caring performance ability, 4.38 for environmental organization for development, 4.26 for acceptance, 4.21 for responsibility, 4.19 for knowledge related to caring, 4.16, for sensitivity, and 4.01 for provision of stimulation and involvement. There were significant differences in the perception of parental role according to spousal relationship, father's participation in child rearing, having received parental role education, and infant's temperament.
CONCLUSION
The experience of childhood is highly affected by the quality of the parental role. It is important to identify parents' perception of the parental role and to provide appropriate education programs on parental role.